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                <text>Espaces et sociétés, n105, 2, 2001-06-01, pp.101-126</text>
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                <text>Des projets en paroles et en images. La rhétorique du projet face à la crise du vouloir-politique</text>
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                  <text>Métropoles se veut le carrefour des travaux scientifiques issus de la plupart des disciplines en sciences sociales qui s’intéressent au fait urbain et métropolitain. Cette revue thématique souhaite présenter à la communauté académique internationale les travaux les plus significatifs et originaux issus soit des disciplines s’intéressant traditionnellement à la ville comme la géographie, la sociologie, la science politique ou l’économie, soit des disciplines qui interrogent le fait urbain depuis moins longtemps comme l’histoire  et le droit. Elle accueille les travaux produits au croisement des disciplines comme ceux de l’urbanisme, de l’aménagement ou du « planning ». Elle publie des articles en français et en anglais.</text>
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                <text>2008-12-23</text>
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                <text>http://metropoles.revues.org/3583</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
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                <text>L’aménagement urbain et territorial, entre post-keynésianisme et néo-keynésianisme</text>
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                <text>Genre-Grandpierre, Cyrille</text>
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                <text>Depuis 30 ans, les changements qu’ont subis tant la forme urbaine (étalement urbain permis par la diffusion de l’usage de l’automobile) que son mode de fonctionnement (émergence de nouveaux rythmes plus individuels.) ont engendré de fortes inégalités dans l’accessibilité aux aménités urbaines. Après avoir donné quelques exemples de ces inégalités dans le cas de l’accessibilité spatio-temporelle aux commerces à Avignon, nous discutons des moyens de les réduire en agissant à la fois sur la dimension temporelle de l’accessibilité (horaires d’ouverture des magasins) et sur sa dimension spatiale (localisation des commerces et moyens de transport pour y accéder). </text>
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                <text>For 30 years, changes in the urban form (urban sprawl allowed by the massive use of automobile) and changes in the urban functioning (emergence of new rhythms more individual) have engendered strong inequalities in the accessibility to urban facilities. First we give for Avignon urban area some examples of these inequalities in the case of space-time accessibility to stores. Then we discuss the means to reduce them by acting on the temporal part of accessibility (opening hours of the shops) and on its spatial part (location of the shops and means of transportation to join them).  </text>
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                <text>accessibility</text>
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                <text>Avignon</text>
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                <text>retailing</text>
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                <text>urban rhythms</text>
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                <text>Avignon</text>
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                <text>commerce</text>
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                <text>temporalités urbaines</text>
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                <text>L’accessibilité aux commerces dans l’aire de vie avignonnaise.</text>
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                  <text>Archives ouvertes des études urbaines</text>
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                  <text>Collection of HAL papers</text>
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                <text>Gentile, María Florencia</text>
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                <text>L' importance de l'analyse des différentes expériences de la situation de rue selon qu'il s'agisse des garçons ou des filles dans les villes d'Amérique latine semble sous estimée. Cependant, une analyse des manières dont les rapports sociaux de sexe interviennent dans les expériences des gamins et des gamines « en situation de rue » peut constituer un apport à la compréhension des causes du phénomène, aux comportements et aux alternatives ouvertes aux jeunes pour la quitter. Ce travail porte une réflexion sur les motifs de considération du sujet en rapport avec d'autres déterminants de l'expérience. Le deuxième point décrit et analyse les façons dont les rapports sociaux de sexe se combinent de manières différentes avec les rapports entre les générations comme avec les situations de pauvreté des enfants et des familles. L'imbrication des différents rapports sociaux de pouvoir génère des expériences divergentes dans les espaces sociaux des foyers et de la rue. Il est démontré comment cette articulation agit comme contrainte des façons de quitter le foyer, en analysant la division des espaces sociaux et la division sociale, sexuelle et générationnelle du travail dont les filles et les garçons participent. Sont décrites les manières différents de vivre « la situation de rue » selon le sexe, à partir de l'analyse du développement des shèmes pratiques particuliers et des possibilités d'insertion dans la sociabilité et dans les activités de survie dans la rue. Le dernier point souligne l'influence des représentations de genre comprises dans les différentes réponses sociales, formelles et informelles, reçues par les enfants, selon leur condition de sexe.</text>
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                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00005628</text>
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                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/04/37/34/PDF/GENTILE_Maria_Florencia_GIS2005.pdf</text>
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                <text>FRE</text>
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                <text>GIS Réseau Amérique latine. Actes du 1er Congrès du GIS Amérique latine : Discours et pratiques de pouvoir en Amérique latine, de la période précolombienne à nos jours, 3-4 novembre 2005, Université de La Rochelle</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="537604">
                <text>GIS Réseau Amérique latine. Actes du 1er Congrès du GIS Amérique latine : Discours et pratiques de pouvoir en Amérique latine, de la période précolombienne à nos jours, 3-4 novembre 2005, Université de La Rochelle</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="537605">
                <text>GIS Réseau Amérique latine. Actes du 1er Congrès du GIS Amérique latine : Discours et pratiques de pouvoir en Amérique latine, de la période précolombienne à nos jours, 3-4 novembre 2005, Université de La Rochelle</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>[SHS:GENRE] Humanities and Social Sciences/Gender studies</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="537607">
                <text>[SHS:SOCIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="537608">
                <text>Sciences sociales</text>
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                <text>Société</text>
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                <text>Mode de vie</text>
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                <text>Villes</text>
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                <text>Rapports sociaux de sexe</text>
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                <text>Garçon</text>
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                <text>Fille</text>
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                <text>Enfants des rues</text>
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                <text>Chicos de la calla</text>
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                <text>Pauvreté</text>
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                <text>Foyer familial</text>
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                <text>Division du travail</text>
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                <text>Condition de vie</text>
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                <text>Maternité</text>
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                <text>1991-2003</text>
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                <text>Garçons et filles en situation de rue. Pertinence analytique des notions de genre et de rapports sociaux de sexe</text>
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                <text>conference proceeding</text>
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                <text>Les normes du pouvoir révolutionnaire sont, à Cuba, inscrites dans l'espace. Elles fonctionnent comme des signes performatifs qui à la fois rappellent constamment la présence du pouvoir et catégorisent les individus selon leur conformité aux normes. Mais depuis la crise économique des années 1990 des logiques centrifuges à l'œuvre au sein de la société cubaine viennent remettre en question la capacité du pouvoir à générer une socialisation révolutionnaire homogène. On observe des dynamiques particulièrement étonnantes dans des collectifs de jeunes artistes. Ceux-ci cherchent à s'émanciper des normes révolutionnaires en tentant de retrouver un héritage historique, politique et artistique distinct de la lecture qu'en font les leaders du pays. Leur objectif est de socialiser le pouvoir de création qu'ils opposent au pouvoir des normes afin de promouvoir l'acceptation de la diversité et de la pluralité de la pensée et des expériences sociales.</text>
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                <text>Cuba, de la subversion des normes révolutionnaires à la (re)création d'un espace public</text>
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                <text>Judging from the number of communities and cities striving or claiming to be sustainable and how often eco-development is invoked as the means for urban regeneration, it appears that sustainable and eco-development have become "the leading paradigm within urban development" (Whitehead 2003). But what is it that is driving these urban transformations? Clearly, there are many probable answers to this complex question and in what follows we will focus on one particular catalyst of change - urban design competitions. Considered as field changing events (Lampel &amp; Meyer 2008, Anand and Jones 2008), urban design competitions are understudied mechanisms for bringing about field level changes. This paper examines how urban design competitions can bring about changes within two types of fields - professional fields and local geographical fields. The context for our study is urban regeneration in two cities in France and Denmark, both of which have been suffering from industrial decline and have invested in establishing "eco-districts". Based on these two case studies we explore how the different parties involved in these urban development projects have developed innovative design templates and practices that can instantiate field level changes.</text>
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                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00743367</text>
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                <text>ECO-DISTRICTS AND SUSTAINABLE CITIES - INSTITUTIONALIZATION THROUGH EXPERIMENTATION</text>
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                <text>Academy of Management Meeting</text>
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                <text>ECO-DISTRICTS AND SUSTAINABLE CITIES - INSTITUTIONALIZATION THROUGH EXPERIMENTATION</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>London, Geoffrey. Supervisor</text>
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                <text>Van Schaik, Leon. Supervisor</text>
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                <text>George, Beth</text>
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                <text>Perth, Western Australia - a city become region one hundred kilometres in length and expanding yet - is a place variously adored and scorned; one noted widely for its landscape and its horizon, and relatively rarely for its architecture. Young, low lying, and sparsely lined with built form, Perth might be described as a thin city. The intent of this research is to entreat an optimistic and inquisitive reading of the city of Perth through the conceptualisation of a set of six narrative threads. Six fictive interpretations of Perth, each denoting qualities of thinness, are cast toward the factual city, inviting both confirmation and opposition to their themes. They are: private city, wide city, even city, city of the immediate future, reserve city and city of form fixation. The process of elucidating and questioning the presence of these narratives allows for thicknesses to emerge from the city region; latencies with which the city can be redressed. The mechanism for directing this interpretive view of the city is the process of mapping. Each narrative thread has been explored through the formulation of a set of maps as a visual text. Through the paired workings of the narratives and the mappings, opportune conditions and operations are uncovered within the thin city, complexities that belie the ubiquity of its surface. Mappings shift in scope from the scale of the region to a site of richness at its core, sampling out entities, structures and performative processes at work in the city's plan, distilling opportune sites that are then explored via the architectural project. At once analytical and synthetic, mappings identify existing points of intrigue and simultaneously invite their extrapolation. With the thin city narratives driving the content of the maps and forming the basis for their projectual exploration, this research seeks to engage with the nascent city and offer to it an armature for its amplification that operates within the city's delirium, its peculiarity, its distinctiveness.</text>
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                <text>http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20091006.103921/</text>
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                <text>http://lallier.msh-vdl.fr/theses/items/show/913</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>cartography, urban form</text>
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                <text>Scouring the thin city : An investigation into Perth through the medium of mapping</text>
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                  <text>Créée en 1986, Strates. Matériaux pour la recherche en sciences sociales est la revue du Laboratoire dynamiques sociales et recomposition des espaces (Ladyss). Regroupant géographes et sociologues, la revue est aussi ouverte à des chercheurs d’autres disciplines. Strates publie des matériaux, des réflexions sur des travaux en cours, des comparaisons avec des recherches étrangères, des débats, des éléments de méthodes, des travaux de doctorants, des jalons de recherche, des bibliographies commentées, des chronologies, cherchant ainsi à valoriser des moments importants du métier de chercheur non prisés dans l’espace habituel des publications.</text>
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                <text>George, Pierre</text>
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                <text>Deux études de réseaux urbains, l’Alsace et le Bas-Languedoc méditerranéen</text>
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&#13;
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                <text>Nous estimons sur des données communales franciliennes un modèle à erreurs spatialement corrélées afin d'expliquer les disparités spatiales de durées de chômage. Nous mobilisons des indicateurs représentatifs du dynamisme de l'emploi local, du mésappariement entre la localisation des emplois et des demandeurs d'emplois, du mésappariement entre les compétences demandées par les entreprises et celles offertes par les demandeurs d'emplois, de la ségrégation résidentielle et du logement. Nous utilisons des méthodes qui permettent d'évaluer la portée de chacune de ces explications et de déterminer lesquelles sont les plus importantes à considérer du point de vue de la décision publique. Les résultats montrent que les efforts devraient être accentués sur les problèmes de mésappariement en termes de compétences et de localisation géographique des demandeurs d'emplois.</text>
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                <text>The Actual Challenge of Major American Central Cities in the Era of Métropolisation.

For a century now, the metropolitan level has been part of the US Census survey (metropolitan districts). At the beginning, the concentration movement in the central-city was the major trend ; but since World War II, the development of metropolitan areas is the main evolution of urban America. The Concentric Zone Model structured around the influent core of the inner city is quite obsolete : now, the Multiple Nuclei Model shows us the relative demographical, economical and social weakness of central cities. The Census 2000 data doesn't report a radical change in this unbalanced urban morphology evolution but some authors point out the resurgence of major central cities. The diffusion of smart growth programs, in response to the negative impacts of urban sprawl, and the international immigration seam to be the main reasons of this renewal.</text>
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                <text>Cela fait pratiquement un siècle que l'échelle métropolitaine (metropolitan districts) a été introduite dans le recensement américain. Si avant la Seconde Guerre mondiale, le phénomène métropolitain était éclipsé par la logique de concentration au niveau des villes-centres, il s'impose désormais comme caractéristique de la structure urbaine actuelle. Le modèle radioconcentrique, organisé autour d'une ville-centre puissante, a ainsi laissé la place à une approche polynucléaire dans laquelle le poids démographique, économique et social de la ville centrale semble se réduire. Les chiffres du recensement 2000 n'inversent pas radicalement cette tendance mais de nombreux auteurs soulignent un mouvement de résurgence des grandes villes centres, provoqué à la fois par la lutte nécessaire contre les stigmates de l'étalement urbain et une intensification des flux migratoires internationaux.</text>
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                <text>Billard Gérald. Les grandes villes-centres des États-Unis face au défi actuel de la métropolisation. In: Espace, populations, sociétés, 2003-1. Diversité des populations d'Amérique du Nord. pp. 51-63.</text>
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                <text>San Diego ; Central City ; Metropolitan Areas ; Urban Sprawl ; Smart Growth Plan ; Urban Renewal ; The United States</text>
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                <text>Aire métropolitaine ; Gestion de la croissance ; San Diego ; États-Unis ; Renouvellement urbain ; Ville-centre ; Étalement urbain</text>
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                <text>Les grandes villes-centres des États-Unis face au défi actuel de la métropolisation</text>
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                <text>http://ocw.mit.edu/courses/urban-studies-and-planning/11-949-city-visions-past-and-future-spring-2004/video-lectures/week-1/</text>
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                <text>&lt;div&gt;&lt;b&gt;From the preface : &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt; Most books about twentieth-century Greenwich Village history focus on the artists, writers, and cultural radicals whose activities brought the Village international fame as America's bohemia. Other residents of the Village, if mentioned at all, are discussed only in relation to the bohemian Villagers. This book reverses those priorities. Although the artists, writers, and radicals who lived in the Village between the turn of the century and World War I are described in some detail, the bulk of the text explores the lives of the nonbohemian Villagers.&lt;/div&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;b&gt;Gerald W. McFarland &lt;/b&gt;is Professor Emeritus in the Department of History at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst.&lt;/div&gt; &amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt; </text>
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Future neighbourhood change will not depend on the cyclic or linear course of events predicted by the current theories of neighbourhood change, nor on the national trends, but on the structure of the local housing markets, with specific functions for particular dwelling types, according to their supply, demand and accessibility.</text>
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Une analyse générale du système national de logement depuis 1945, caractérisé par une importante intervention de l'Etat - souvent par l'intermédiaire de règlements communaux, permet de décrire la composition différente du parc de logement et les différents degrés de tension sur le marché dans les trois groupes de communes. Ils déterminent des conditions spécifiques de fonctionnement des marchés locaux. Les développements futurs des quartiers ne dépendent pas d'une évolution cyclique, comme le laissent croire les théories du développement des zones résidentielles, ni des tendances nationales, mais des structures des marchés locaux qui assignent des fonctions spécifiques à chaque type de logement selon leur offre, leur demande et leur accessibilité.</text>
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&#13;
La confrontation de la pensée urbaine et de la mobilité a conduit une vingtaine d’auteurs à approcher de nouveaux thèmes, comme la « ville lente », la « ville fractale » ou la « ville cohérente », ou encore la « ville morcelée », témoignant de l’essor de préoccupations morphologiques reliées à la pratique. D’autres thèmes très variés ont pris de l’importance, comme la logistique urbaine, les « budgets-temps », les inégalités ou les modèles « transport-urbanisme ». Il faut saluer aussi le développement des travaux économiques et financiers appliqués à la mobilité urbaine, sans oublier non plus la prospective.&#13;
&#13;
Cet ouvrage fait une large place aux résultats du programme de recherche et d’innovation dans les transports terrestres Predit. En effet, à l’initiative notamment de la direction de la recherche et de l’innovation du ministère chargé du développement durable et de l’Ademe, ce programme a fortement contribué à la construction d’un édifice conceptuel polyphonique, mais qui ne manque pas d’une certaine cohérence dans sa diversité et a produit de véritables outils d’aide à la décision publique. </text>
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                <text>Au Burkina Faso, le champ scolaire se recompose à la faveur d'un processus d'appropriation de l'école et de vulgarisation de la culture scolaire. L'école a largement été destituée par les différentes politiques scolaires et par ses propres échecs. Elle reste cependant appréciée pour sa capacité à livrer les rudiments de l'instruction et le diplôme, tous nécessaires aujourd'hui pour s'adapter aux évolutions socioéconomiques en cours. Les représentations de l'école et du fait scolaire traduisent cette dualité : elles sont à la fois héritières d'une mystification passée de l'école et révélatrices d'une prise en compte du principe de réalité selon lequel cette institution ne peut pas tout et est à la fois indispensable pour l'intégration sociale en milieu urbain. La scolarité elle-même est devenue une norme sociale. Ainsi les légitimités de la scolarisation changent-elles, de même que ses rationalités. Les stratégies et logiques sociales de scolarisation mettent aussi au jour cette évolution. D'une part, la demande d'éducation est de plus en plus forte : d'autre part, les stratégies elles-mêmes se diversifient, à la mesure des contradictions qui marquent de plus en plus le "fait scolaire". C'est ainsi l'ordre scolaire et, plus profondément, le champ des savoirs qui sont ici en pleine transformation. (Résumé d'auteur)</text>
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            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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                <text>text/pdf</text>
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          <element elementId="43">
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            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                <text>http://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010019366</text>
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                <text>oai:ird.fr:fdi:010019366</text>
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                <text>Gérard Etienne. Etre instruit, en tout cas : représentations du fait scolaire en milieu urbain (Burkina Faso). In :   Variations. Autrepart, 1999, p. 101-114. </text>
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                <text>FR</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>SOCIETE URBAINE</text>
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                <text>ENSEIGNEMENT</text>
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                <text>SCOLARISATION</text>
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                <text>LEGITIMITE</text>
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                <text>VULGARISATION</text>
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                <text>POLITIQUE DE L'EDUCATION</text>
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                <text>NIVEAU D'INSTRUCTION</text>
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                <text>MARCHE DU TRAVAIL</text>
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                <text>EMPLOI</text>
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                <text>CHANGEMENT SOCIOECONOMIQUE</text>
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                <text>SYSTEME DE REPRESENTATIONS</text>
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                <text>STRATEGIE SCOLAIRE</text>
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                <text>DEMANDE SCOLAIRE</text>
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                <text>Etre instruit, en tout cas : représentations du fait scolaire en milieu urbain (Burkina Faso)</text>
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                <text>Variations</text>
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