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Mais ce qui était vrai au début des années 2000 ne l’est peut-être plus aujourd’hui. Ville à l’avant-garde, ville laboratoire, elle a connu des bouleversements majeurs. Les grands travaux ayant pris fin, la ville se tourne vers d’autres chantiers, se réapproprie son histoire en même temps que son territoire. Et la société participe au premier chef à ces nouvelles aventures qui sont comme les prémices du visage de la Chine elle-même dans quelques années.&#13;
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Au cours de cette traversée des années 1980 à nos jours, Françoise Ged nous guide dans cette ville où l’ordinaire et l’exceptionnel sans cesse se côtoient. Les photographies de Yang Hui Bahai scandent son récit comme des voyants, des indices d’une époque en train de disparaître, remplacée par un temps pas encore tout à fait là.</text>
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  La création d'un samu social à Bruxelles a cherché à développer une politique d'urgence sociale et urbaine. Son échec est révélateur des limites inhérentes à cette politique. C'est ce que l'article montre en analysant la création d'un outil « performant » visant à rencontrer les personnes « en détresse ». À travers son histoire, les registres d'action développés comme les tensions rencontrées indiquent un échec quant à la mise en réseau des associations existantes par rapport aux personnes sans abri et aux modes d'intervention pratiqués le jour et la nuit dans une grande ville marquée par son caractère de mosaïque sociale et de labyrinthe institutionnel.
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                <text>Si les effets néfastes de la périurbanisation sont connus, il s'avère difficile de pallier à cette évolution. Le retour à une ville monocentrique dense ne paraît pas une solution réaliste d'autant plus qu'elle n'intègre pas suffisamment la demande sociale. Nous proposons un concept d'aménagement des espaces périurbains qui permet d'identifier les potentialités de développement en optimisant à la fois l'accessibilité aux différents types de services ainsi qu'aux zones de loisir et en évitant un morcellement des zones naturelles et agricoles. Ce concept multi-échelle est inspiré par la géométrie fractale. Il est illustré à travers un exemple.</text>
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                <text>Approche fractale de l'urbanisation - Méthodes d'analyse d'accessibilité et simulations multi-échelles</text>
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                <text>L'étalement urbain est souvent à l'origine d'une forme urbaine diffuse, générant un trafic automobile important, d'autant que les commerces et services sont souvent éloignés des zones résidentielles. Nous présentons un concept d'aménagement urbain innovant qui optimise l'accessibilité à différents types d'aménités (commerces et services, espaces de récréation et de loisirs). La demande sociale des ménages, recherchant un lieu de résidence proche de la nature et/ou une maison individuelle, est prise en compte. L'approche méthodologique est multi-échelle, inspirée de la géométrie fractale. Elle introduit différents niveaux de commerces et services et permet la concentration des zones résidentielles à proximité des centres de services. En outre, des espaces ouverts de différentes tailles sont préservés et articulés entre eux, ainsi qu'avec les zones résidentielles, ce qui contribue à améliorer la qualité de vie dans les espaces considérés. La méthodologie est appliquée au cas d'une agglomération urbaine française de taille moyenne.</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00461629</text>
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                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/46/16/29/PDF/mobil.TUM2008_S06_P03_Frankhauser.pdf</text>
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                <text>mobil.TUM 2008 – International Conference on Mobility and Transport - Erreichbarkeit – Accessibility – Accessibilité - Proceedings</text>
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                <text>mobil.TUM 2008 – International Conference on Mobility and Transport</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>[SHS:GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography</text>
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                <text>étalement urbain</text>
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                <text>aménagement</text>
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                <text>Une approche multi-échelle de l'accessibilité pour maîtriser l 'étalement urbain</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Crévilles</text>
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            <name>Contributor</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="190027">
                <text>Sautter, Gilles. Directeur de thèse </text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>Cette étude a pour objectif de préciser le contenu et le fonctionnement actuel d'un système de relations spatiales induit par les migrations dans le cadre du Cameroun méridional. Le point de vue sous lequel est abordé l'étude de ces migrations est doublement original : d'une part, et grâce à de nombreuses enquêtes directes, les migrants sont saisis à la fois au lieu de départ, le village, et au lieu d'arrivée, la ville; d'autre part, leur migration est replacée dans le contexte global, à la fois économique, culturel et familial, qui constitue la trame de vie du migrant et rend compte de ses déplacements. A la présentation des rapports du migrant à son village, puis à la ville, succède, en troisième partie, celle de la nouvelle structuration de l'espace régional qu'engendrent ces migrations. Le dernier chapitre est celui d'une vision synthétique des thèmes analysés dans l'ouvrage. La conclusion posant la question du devenir de la ville et de la région et suggérant des politiques propres à en orienter le cours.</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="190031">
                <text>http://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:24847</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="190032">
                <text>http://lallier.msh-vdl.fr/theses/items/show/57</text>
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                <text>http://lallier.msh-vdl.fr/theses/archive/files/51b75cab1e7bff6c84e28a617f47a26c.jpg</text>
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="190034">
                <text>Fr</text>
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                <text>Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="190036">
                <text>enquête, immigré, motivation, occupation spatiale, femme, migration de travail, migration scolaire, migration urbaine, migration de retour, Cameroun, Yaoundé, relations ville-campagne</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="190037">
                <text>Lettres et Sciences Humaines</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Une Afrique entre le village et la ville : les migrations dans le sud du Cameroun</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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                <text>Thèse</text>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Urbanisation et sociétés urbaines</text>
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              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>TIERS MONDE</text>
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                <text>Franqueville, André</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>1996</text>
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                <text>oai:ird.fr:fdi:010010597</text>
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                <text>Franqueville André. L'intendance suivra-t-elle ?. Vivre Autrement : 6ème Série. Istanbul 96, 1996, p. 3-5. </text>
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                <text>FR</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>SECURITE ALIMENTAIRE</text>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>BOLIVIE</text>
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                <text>LA PAZ</text>
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                <text>Franqueville, André</text>
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            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="370111">
                <text>CAMEROUN CENTRE</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="370112">
                <text>MFOUNDI</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="370113">
                <text>YAOUNDE</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="370114">
                <text>Franqueville, André</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="370115">
                <text>1974</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="370116">
                <text>text/pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="370117">
                <text>http://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:00792</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="370118">
                <text>oai:ird.fr:fdi:00792</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="370119">
                <text>Franqueville André. Zone d'attraction urbaine et région migratoire : L'exemple de Yaoundé. Paris : ORSTOM, 1974, p. 39-51. (Travaux et Documents de l'ORSTOM ; 39). Différenciation Régionale et Régionalisation en Afrique Francophone et à Madagascar.Journées de Travail de Yaoundé</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="370120">
                <text>FR</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="370121">
                <text>ORSTOM</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="370122">
                <text>VILLE</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="370123">
                <text>MIGRATION</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="370124">
                <text>RELATIONS VILLE CAMPAGNE</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="370125">
                <text>IMMIGRE</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="370126">
                <text>MIGRATION ALTERNANTE</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="370127">
                <text>MIGRATION TEMPORAIRE</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="370128">
                <text>REGION MIGRATOIRE</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="370129">
                <text>ATTRACTION URBAINE</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="370130">
                <text>Zone d'attraction urbaine et région migratoire : L'exemple de Yaoundé</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="370131">
                <text>Différentiation régionale et régionalisation en Afrique francophone et à Madagascar</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="370132">
                <text>text</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
</itemContainer>
