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                <text>Des villes et des hommes : enquête sur un mode de vie planétaire</text>
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                <text>société urbaine, usage de la ville, innovation, bidonville, ghetto, pauvreté, grand ensemble, gratte-ciel, étalement urbain, Glaeser Edward</text>
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Edward Glaeser</text>
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28 septembre 2011

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Flammarion

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364</text>
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                <text>&lt;div&gt;&lt;b&gt;Pr&amp;eacute;sentation par l'&amp;eacute;diteur :&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
C'est un fait nouveau : depuis 2011, plus de la moiti&amp;eacute; de l'humanit&amp;eacute; vit dans les villes. L'esp&amp;egrave;ce humaine est devenue une esp&amp;egrave;ce urbaine, pour le meilleur et pour le pire : pour chaque 5e Avenue il y a un bidonville &amp;agrave; Mumbai. Pourtant, la ville reste un incomparable moteur d'innovation et de cr&amp;eacute;ation, un acc&amp;eacute;l&amp;eacute;rateur de civilisation, qui attire la pauvret&amp;eacute; davantage qu'elle ne la cr&amp;eacute;e.&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
Telle est la conviction profonde d'&lt;b&gt;Edward Glaeser&lt;/b&gt;, &amp;eacute;conomiste de renomm&amp;eacute;e internationale, fascin&amp;eacute; depuis toujours par l'univers urbain et les mille questions qu'il pose : pourquoi des villes autrefois puissantes tombent-elles en ruine ? Comment se forment les ghettos ? Pourquoi certaines cit&amp;eacute;s se d&amp;eacute;veloppent-elles en hauteur et d'autres &amp;agrave; l'horizontale ? Est-il vrai que la vie en ville rend plus malheureux ? Guidant son lecteur de New York &amp;agrave; Bangalore, de Singapour &amp;agrave; Vancouver, de Detroit &amp;agrave; Rio ou de Paris &amp;agrave; Tokyo, l'auteur m&amp;egrave;ne l'enqu&amp;ecirc;te et fait la chasse aux id&amp;eacute;es re&amp;ccedil;ues : la ville n'est pas moins &amp;eacute;colo que la campagne, les gratte-ciel n'ont pas que des inconv&amp;eacute;nients, la pr&amp;eacute;servation acharn&amp;eacute;e du Paris haussmannien est loin d'&amp;ecirc;tre un cadeau pour ses habitants, contraints &amp;agrave; le d&amp;eacute;serter... Or, rien de pire qu'une ville-vitrine car la vraie cit&amp;eacute; est faite de chair, non de b&amp;eacute;ton.&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
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                <text>Que se passe-t-il dans nos villes après la tombée de la nuit ? Dans nos régions où en hiver, les deux tiers de la journée sont perdus, il doit bien exister une vie après le jour. Un nouveau jour avec de nouveaux acteurs. Nous allons tenter ici d'explorer cette dimension oubliée de la ville à travers les exemples de différentes villes américaines en comparaison avec Strasbourg en France.</text>
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                <text>Dans nos régions où en hiver les deux tiers de la journée sont perdus, il doit y avoir une vie après le jour. Une nouvelle scène apparait avec de nouveaux acteurs. Nous allons tenter d'explorer cette dimension oubliée de la ville à travers l'exemple de différentes villes aux Etats-Unis et les comparer avec Strasbourg en France.</text>
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&#13;
Yves Winkin est directeur de la recherche à l'ENS-LSH de Lyon.   De nombreux facteurs contribuent à la bonne marche des villes. Yves Winkin à une hypothèse : "Les villes qui marchent sont des villes où l'on marche".   &#13;
&#13;
Directeur de la production : Christophe Porlier&#13;
Interview et réalisation : Pascal Grzywacz&#13;
Image et montage : Sébastien Boudin&#13;
Encodage-diffusion web : Jean-Claude Troncard</text>
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                <text>What processes are operating to bring about these changes, almost all agree that there has been "a pronounced resurgence in inequality, a widening gap between the rich and the poor" which "remains the most challenging public and political finding of the literature on urban restructuring and needs to be seen as an integral part of post-modern urbanism and postmodern urban politics" (Soja, 2001, 44). This inequality has clear spatial impacts. "Given a high and rising level of urbanization, growing income inequality, and rising class segregation, an increase in the geographic concentration of affluence and poverty is all but inevitable. These spatial processes are magnified, however, when they occur in a group that is also segregated on the basis of an ascribed characteristic such as race" (Massey, 1996, cited in Cooke, 1999).</text>
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                <text>Territorial restructurings, comparisons and innovations Proceedings of the French‐South African meeting on territorial innovation. Recompositions territoriales : confronter et innover. Actes des rencontres scientifiques franco‐sud-africaines de l'innovation territoriale</text>
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                <text>Desegregation, resegregation and centre/periphery relationships in Durban</text>
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                  <text>Revues.org</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="565139">
                <text>Silva, Gutemberg de Vilhena</text>
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                <text>Cet article a deux objectifs: caractériser et évaluer le potentiel de développement économique de la municipalité d’Oiapoque (Etat d'Amapá), située à la frontière nord du Brésil. Dans un premier temps, l'étude fait une évaluation de la situation générale avec les données statistiques du dernier recensement de l'Institut brésilien de Géographie et de Statistiques (IBGE) et le site Portail Transparence du gouvernement du Brésil. Ensuite, sont étudiés les facteurs qui influencent directement le développement économique oiapoquense. La méthodologie de recherche a été divisée en trois étapes : 1) bibliographique et documentaire, 2) travail sur le terrain, occasion de collecter une grande partie des données présentées dans la deuxième section, et analyse de laboratoire 3) résultats des deux étapes précédentes. Le document conclut que, d’une façon générale, Oiapoque est une municipalité urbanisée, qui a connu une croissance démographique significative au cours des dix dernières années mais sans amélioration parallèle de la qualité de vie des résidents ; et que la situation géographique frontalière, les structures foncières et socioéconomiques, et l’absence de politiques publiques au niveau des infrastructures influent fortement sur le développement économique. </text>
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                <text>This essay has a twofold purpose: to characterize and simultaneously assess the potential for economic development in the municipality of Oiapoque (state of Amapá), located on the northern border of Brazil. Initially, this work evaluates general information with statistical data from the last census of Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE) and Portal Transparência from the Brazilian Federal Government. Next, an assessment of the factors that directly influence the economic development from Oiapoque is made. The research methodology was divided into three steps: 1) bibliographicand documentary research, 2) field work, on which most part of the presented data on the second section were collected, and 3) laboratory analysis of the results from the last two steps. Generally, the paper concludes that Oiapoque is an urbanized city with a significant population increase over the past ten years without accompanying improvement in quality of life for residents. In addition, it was found that its geographical position border, the land structure and socio-economic, public policy and lack of infrastructure are keys to understanding and / or path to economic development. </text>
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                <text>O presente artigo tem um duplo objetivo: caracterizar e ao mesmo tempo avaliar o potencial para o desenvolvimento econômico do município de Oiapoque (estado do Amapá), localizado na fronteira setentrional brasileira. Inicialmente, o trabalho avalia informações gerais com dados estatísticos do último censo do Instituo Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE) e do Portal Transparência do Governo Federal e, em seguida, é feito um balanço de fatores que influenciam diretamente o desenvolvimento econômico oiapoquense. A metodologia da pesquisa foi dividida em três etapas: 1) pesquisa documental e bibliográfica; 2) trabalho de campo, momento da coleta de grande parte dos dados apresentados na segunda seção; e 3) análise em laboratório dos resultados nas duas etapas anteriores. O trabalho conclui de maneira geral que Oiapoque é um município urbanizado com aumento populacional significativo nos últimos dez anos sem o acompanhamento de melhoria na qualidade de vida dos habitantes e que sua posição geográfica fronteiriça, a estrutura fundiária e socioeconômica e a carência de políticas públicas em infraestrutura são elementos essenciais para o seu desenvolvimento econômico. </text>
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                <text>http://confins.revues.org/8250</text>
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                <text>boundary.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="565148">
                <text>economic development</text>
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                <text>Amapá</text>
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                <text>développement économique</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="565152">
                <text>frontière.</text>
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                <text>desenvolvimento econômico</text>
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                <text>Desenvolvimento econômico em cidades da fronteira amazônica: ações, escalas e recursos para Oiapoque-AP</text>
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                <text>In less than a decade, a new urban world has been created at Cairo's gates. One thousand square kilometers outfitted with sewers and utilities, partially divided into plots and slightly inhabited, equal to twice the area of the Cairo urban agglomeration as it has existed for more than a millennium, which totaled some 13 million inhabitants in 2006, compared to little more than 600,000 in the public-housing cores of the new towns and the adjoining private housing projects. This paper is analysing those tremendous transformation.</text>
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                <text>Desert: from ghost towns to forbidden cities</text>
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                <text>Lyon</text>
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                <text>Vinçon-Leite, Brigitte</text>
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                <text>Von Sperling, Eduardo</text>
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Is it possible to plan people-centric streets and friendly urban environments in Northern cities that face rough winters?&#13;
&#13;
This conference will examine Streets Designed as Public Spaces with examples in Northern Climate cities and other cities around the world illustrating the social-political support required to foster the development of better cities.&#13;
&#13;
Louise Kielgast is an urban researcher at Gehl Architects and social anthropologist.&#13;
&#13;
Kristian S. Villadsen is a Project Manager at Gehl Architects and a lecturer in the European Urban Design Theory course at Danish International Study Abroad (DIS).&#13;
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22 April 2011

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Erik Swyngedouw</text>
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Swyngedouw points to a climate of global consensus that has become pervasive over the past twenty years, effectively suppressing dissent and excluding most people from governance. He explains this consensus as limited to a select group (e.g., elite politicians, business leaders, NGOs, experts from a variety of fields) and perpetuated through &amp;quot;empty signifiers&amp;quot; like the sustainable/creative/world-class city. Swyngedouw argues that this consensus serves a &amp;quot;post-political&amp;quot; neoliberal order in which governments fail to address citizens' most basic needs in order to subsidize the financial sector and take on grandiose projects designed to attract global capital. He asserts that the flipside of management through limited consensus is rebellion on the part of the excluded, which he views as insurgent architecture and planning that claims a place in the order of things. Swyngedouw calls for open institutional channels for enacting dissent, fostering a democratic politics based on equal opportunity for all in shaping the decisions that affect our lives. He envisions the city as &amp;quot;insurgent polis&amp;quot; &amp;mdash; a new agora where democratic politics can take place, where anyone can make a case for changing the existing framework.&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Erik Swyngedouw &lt;/b&gt;is Professor of Geography at the University of Manchester School of Environment and Development.&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
Alternative link&lt;/a&gt; &lt;/b&gt;to the recording.&lt;/div&gt;
Scribd&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
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                  <text>Articulo – Journal of Urban Research est une publication en ligne à comité de lecture qui se consacre aux questions urbaines. Multidisciplinaire, la revue publie des contributions théoriques et empiriques portant sur les transformations sociales, environnementales et économiques des villes et des régions urbaines. Elle sert de forum international aux scientifiques et praticiens travaillant sur les problématiques urbaines dans le monde.</text>
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                <text>Cet article interroge une forme d’habitat propre au mode de vie périurbain, la maison, en tant que vecteur de promotion sociale. Entre l’idéal d’une vie meilleure et les tensions provoquées par un nouveau mode de vie aux contraintes spatiales fortes, ce sont les trajectoires professionnelles des parents mais aussi les trajectoires scolaires des enfants qui sont transformées. Si la maison tient toujours son rôle dans l’imaginaire de la réussite sociale, en assure-t-elle vraiment les nouveaux acquéreurs ? </text>
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                <text>This paper examines a form of housing specific to the exurban lifestyle, i.e. the house, as a vector of social advancement. Both parents’ careers and children’s schooling are affected by hopes of a better life and tensions effected by a new lifestyle subjected to major spatial constraints. If the individual house still enjoys a major role in people’s representations of social success, does it still lead new buyers to such success? </text>
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      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="556296">
                <text>Troin, Jean-François</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="556297">
                <text>2010-09-30</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="556298">
                <text>Le TGV a suscité en France, à côté de gares urbaines assez bien insérées en ville, des gares “exurbanisées”, stations de plein champ, créées de toutes pièces et bien souvent à la demande d’élus locaux. Ceux-ci en attendaient de multiples bienfaits dont le développement d’activités auprès de la gare. La plupart de ces attentes n’ont pas été satisfaites. Pourquoi alors existe-t-il toujours un fort “désir de gare” chez des élus locaux, des responsables économiques, voisins d’une ligne à grande vitesse en service ou à construire ? Pourquoi dédaigne-t-on le passage des TGV en gare centrale ? Pourquoi ignore-t-on les connexions TGV/trains régionaux pouvant irriguer en profondeur les territoires ?Nous interrogerons l’image perçue du TGV, les compétitions interurbaines, les rationalités économiques, les conceptions territoriales pour rendre compte de ce “désir de gare” et pour conclure à l’impérieuse nécessité d’un cadrage national des rêves d’une grande partie des édiles français, un peu trop prompts à déménager le territoire à leur profit supposé.  </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="556299">
                <text>The French TGV (High Speed Train), beside urban stations well integrated in the city, created some “out of town” railway stations in the open fields, very often by request of local elected officials. Those officials expected many benefits, particularly the development of activities around the station. Most of these hopes have not been fulfilled. So, why does a strong “desire for a station” still exist among local officials, economy leaders neighbouring a High Speed Line (LGV) in operation or to be constructed ? Why is the passing of TGV through central stations so much spurned ? Why are connections between regional trains (TER) and high-speed trains (TGV) nearly always ignored ?We shall examine the perceived image of TGV, interurban competitions, economic rationality, territorial concepts in order to account for this “station desire” and to conclude how it is necessary to frame nationally the dreams of a large part of French officials prompt to move the territory for their own supposed advantage. </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="556300">
                <text>http://belgeo.revues.org/6647</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="556301">
                <text>doi:10.4000/belgeo.6647</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="556302">
                <text>fr</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="556303">
                <text>accessibility</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="556304">
                <text>economic development</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="556305">
                <text>France</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="556306">
                <text>high speed lines</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="556307">
                <text>local elected officials</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="556308">
                <text>networks</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="556309">
                <text>new railway stations</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="556310">
                <text>town and country planning</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="556311">
                <text>accessibilité</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="556312">
                <text>aménagement du territoire</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="556313">
                <text>développement économique</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="556314">
                <text>élus locaux</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="556315">
                <text>France</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="556316">
                <text>gares nouvelles</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="556317">
                <text>lignes à grande vitesse</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="556318">
                <text>réseaux</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="556319">
                <text>Désirs de gares TGV : du projet des édiles locaux au “désaménagement” du territoire</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="556320">
                <text>article</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
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