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                  <text>Espaces et sociétés</text>
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                  <text>revue publiée par ERES</text>
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                <text>69</text>
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                <text>Hilgers, Mathieu</text>
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                <text>2005</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>
  
  Lors de la révolution au Burkina Faso, le nouveau leader Sankara imposa un nouveau découpage urbain pour rompre l'assise du pouvoir coutumier et faciliter l'avènement d'une nouvelle société. La gestion de l'espace est conçue comme une ressource au service de la révolution. À travers l'analyse du passage du quartier au secteur, dans une perspective diachronique, nous proposons une évaluation anthropologique d'un enjeu clef de cette politique spatiale et de ses conséquences aujourd'hui.
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                <text>http://www.cairn.info/article.php?ID_ARTICLE=ESP_122_0067</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="424268">
                <text>fre</text>
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                <text>Cairn</text>
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                <text>Espaces et sociétés,  122, 4, 2005-12-01, pp.67-85</text>
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                <text>urbanisation</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="424272">
                <text> contrôle de l'espace</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="424273">
                <text> forme urbaine</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="424274">
                <text> Burkina Faso</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="424275">
                <text> révolution</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="424276">
                <text>urbanisation</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="424277">
                <text> space control</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="424278">
                <text> urban form</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="424279">
                <text> Burkina Faso</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="424280">
                <text> revolution</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="424281">
                <text>Du quartier au secteur, l'évolution des limites urbaines au Burkina Faso</text>
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              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Crévilles</text>
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            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
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                <text>Kombe, Wilbard J. Doctoral committee</text>
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                <text>Rödding, Walburga. Doctoral committee</text>
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                <text>Kreibich, Volker. Doctoral committee</text>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Hill, Alexandra</text>
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                <text>Lindner, Christian</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>2010</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Dar es Salaam in Tanzania is one of the fastest growing urban agglomerations in Africa and projected to become a megacity (i.e., a city with more than 5 mil. inhabitants) by 2025. Rapid urban growth under poverty has outstripped the capacities of planning authorities to cope with the enormous pace of urban expansion. As a consequence informal settlements absorb almost all urban settlers leading to rapid urban sprawl into the unplanned periphery. But still only little is known about the drivers and mechanisms of ongoing urbanisation processes and the means of intervention. The need for well balanced and informed decisions becomes evident and calls inter alia for support of urban planning by geo-information technology and so-called decision support systems.

This thesis approaches these needs by designing a land-use simulation model for the city of Dar es Salaam. Particularly in developing countries urban modelling inevitably comprises the challenge of setting up an appropriate database. Public authorities in Dar es Salaam lack precise and up-to-date information and were unable to contribute to the database needed for the modelling work particularly since multi-temporal information was required. Basic datasets which have been provided by another research institution were extended and updated to serve as the database required by the analysis and modelling work.

The model presented is based on standard GIS software and designed along the principles of Cellular Automata (CA) which are particularly suitable to capture neighbourhood dynamics and likewise do not demand for a highly sophisticated database. Population projections by the UN Population Division have been used to determine future demand for informal residential land. The model simulates its allocation based on variables which represent major drivers of informal urban growth: natural conditions, accessibility and local-scale dynamics, i.e., so-called neighbourhood effects. These drivers have been proven to be adequate to explain and project urban growth during the process of model calibration and validation based on regression analyses. The model has been employed to project land-use patterns until 2022 as a baseline scenario.

In accordance with recent local urban planning and development discourse the impact of transport infrastructure projects on the distribution of future urban growth has been simulated in four scenario settings. The results have been analysed with reference to the baseline scenario to compare the characteristics of likely urban futures. The application of the model demonstrates the considerable potential of urban growth modelling for the situation in Dar es Salaam and its transferability to cities facing similar conditions. It provides a valuable laboratory to test the drivers and mechanisms of urban growth and the associated means of intervention. During field work interim results have proven that the model is able to establish and maintain a discourse among planners and other stakeholders thus mitigating one of the major weaknesses of urban development planning - the lack of cooperation and coordination.

This is an essential first step for strategic intervention into informal urban development processes given the limited resources at hand and to support planning authorities in Dar es Salaam to cope with future urban development in a pro-active manner.</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="193522">
                <text>http://hdl.handle.net/2003/27283</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="193523">
                <text>http://lallier.msh-vdl.fr/theses/items/show/927</text>
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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                <text>en</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="193526">
                <text>TU-Technische Universität Dortmund</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="193527">
                <text>urban modelling and simulation, informal urban dynamics, cellular automata, megacities</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="193528">
                <text>Modelling informal urban growth under rapid urbanisation : A CA-based land-use simulation model for the city of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="193529">
                <text>Thesis</text>
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                  <text>Autres serveurs</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text/>
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              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Crévilles</text>
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        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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            <name>Contributor</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="190398">
                <text>Fisher, W. B. Supervisor</text>
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            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Hill, Allan G. </text>
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                <text>1969</text>
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                <text>The associations between urbanization and economic development are first reviewed for the developing world. Special attributes of Middle East urbanization are then considered and levels of urbanization compared in most Middle Eastern nations. Next, special factors relating to Kuwait's urbanization are discussed. Part One concludes with a study of Kuwait's post-War economic expansion.&#13;
&#13;
Part Two deals with the consequences of Kuwait's rapid economic growth. First, population increase by immigration is analysed, followed by a study of natural increase. One important result of this demographic growth was the physical expansion of all Kuwait's urban areas, particularly the capital.&#13;
&#13;
Further analysis of the size and spacing of urban centres in Kuwait reveals that a primate distribution prevails. Established theories are tested againt these observations and found partially deficient. A Q-Mode Factor Analysis routine is employed to describe the dimensions of social and economic variation within all Kuwait's urban centres. Broadly, a duality between Kuwaitis and non-Kuwaitis, described earlier, is confirmed statistically. In addition, non-Kuwaitis are further subdivided into those of higher and lower socio-economic status.&#13;
&#13;
Results of the field survey of all retail and service trade facilities in the State are presented. Their distribution, it is shown, closely corresponds to Western-derived predictive models. The use of these facilities, however, differs widely from the better-known examples in Europe and North America. Significant differences are discerned between the shopping behaviour of various national groups in Kuwait. &#13;
&#13;
The study concludes by pointing out contrasts between Western and non-Western cities in genesis, structure, and functional differentation.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="190402">
                <text>http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/1981/</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="190403">
                <text>http://lallier.msh-vdl.fr/theses/items/show/1128</text>
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                <text>en</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="190406">
                <text>Durham University</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="190407">
                <text>Kuwait, urban development, economy, urbanization, economic growth, population, shopping, retail</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Aspects of the urban development of Kuwait</text>
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                  <text>Perspectives chinoises</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Revue entièrement consacrée au monde chinois contemporain qu’elle analyse dans ses aspects socio-politiques, économiques, culturels et littéraires, Perspectives chinoises offre une information originale ainsi que des analyses fondées sur des enquêtes de terrain menées par des chercheurs spécialisés.</text>
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                  <text>Revues.org</text>
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            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="582015">
                <text>Hillman, Ben</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="582016">
                <text>2013-09-15</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="582017">
                <text>À la différence des régions littorales de Chine où l’urbanisation des zones rurales est majoritairement le résultat de l’industrialisation, celle des bourgs naguère largement ruraux de l’intérieur du pays est parfois le fruit des orientations politiques locales. Cet article se penche sur le cas de Zhongdian (Shangri-la), où l’urbanisation a été surtout déterminée par le tourisme. Il montre comment, alors que les réquisitions de terrains se sont généralement déroulées de manière plus pacifique dans cette région faiblement peuplée, l’urbanisation a engendré des problèmes spécifiques liés à la diversité ethnique de cette zone du nord du Yunnan. Bien que les autorités locales trouvent certains avantages à favoriser l’urbanisation, rien ne les incite à prendre des mesures en faveur de l’égalité d’accès aux nouvelles opportunités économiques créées par l’urbanisation. </text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="582018">
                <text>http://perspectiveschinoises.revues.org/6621</text>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="582019">
                <text>fr</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="582020">
                <text>Chine rurale</text>
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                <text>éducation</text>
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                <text>emploi</text>
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                <text>inégalités.</text>
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                <text>minorités ethniques</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="582025">
                <text>Tibet</text>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Causes et conséquences d’une urbanisation rapide dans une région ethniquement variée</text>
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                <text>Cet article se propose de rendre compte, à partir d'enquêtes de terrain, des signes, marques etc. qu'inscrivent les nouveaux migrants dans le paysage urbain et dans l'espace public d'une banlieue de Beyrouth, Bourj-Hammoud. L'entrée par l'observation et l'entretien permettront de rendre compte des pratiques des " nouveaux venus ", de leurs usages de la ville et de leurs actions dans la ville. Il s'agira aussi d'apprécier les espaces d'interaction ou de coprésence, les relations de travail, les conduites d'évitement ou d'attention entre les " locaux " et les " migrants ".</text>
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                <text>pratiques sociales</text>
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                <text>changement social</text>
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                <text>mode d'insertion</text>
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                <text>Liban</text>
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                <text>Beyrouth</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Migrants dans une banlieue beyrouthine</text>
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                <text>Hily, Marie-Antoinette</text>
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                <text>Rinaudo, Christian</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>La construction progressive de nouvelles circulations, liées aux réseaux, aux nouvelles technologies et aux formes modernes de mobilité des hommes entament sérieusement le modèle habituel d'Etat-nation, remettant ainsi en question la notion de passage. L'un d'eux, très représentatif, est la frontière franco-italienne sur la Côte d'Azur.</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="536017">
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="536019">
                <text>La Pensée de Midi</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="536020">
                <text>La pensée de midi</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="536021">
                <text>La pensée de midi</text>
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          </element>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>[SHS:SOCIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology</text>
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                <text>Frontière</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="536024">
                <text>Entrepreneur migrant</text>
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                <text>image des villes</text>
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                <text>mise en scène des identités</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="536027">
                <text>"Faire frontière". Commercer et circuler entre Menton et Vintimille</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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                <text>article in non peer-reviewed journal</text>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>Paris</text>
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                <text>Hily, Marie-Antoinette</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Située à quelques kilomètres de Menton, du côté italien, la ville de Vintimille est connue pour son marché frontalier où convergent chaque vendredi plusieurs centaines de migrants originaires de nombreuses régions du monde (Sénégal, Chine, Équateur, Inde, Pakistan, pays du Maghreb, pays de l'Est...) et spécialisés dans la vente « à la sauvette » de contrefaçons (sacs à main, montres, lunettes, polos, etc.). Attirés par la forte demande de la clientèle française et des touristes séjournant sur la Côte d'Azur, les vendeurs font le déplacement depuis Gênes, Milan ou Turin pour écouler leurs marchandises. Parce que les échanges marchands qu'ils engagent concernent des individus, des groupes et des organisations qui opèrent ou veulent opérer transnationalement, ils créent des formes originales de socialité, faites d'un mélange de liens communautaires entre compatriotes et d'alliances ponctuelles liées à des rencontres opportunes sur la place marchande. C'est ce double lien, interne et externe, qui sera examiné en montrant comment il s'articule autour d'une grammaire du projet.</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00082989</text>
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                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/08/29/89/PDF/Texte-2002-Hily_Rinaudo.pdf</text>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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                <text>FRE</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
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                <text>La fin des norias ? Réseaux migrants dans les économies marchandes en Méditerranée</text>
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                <text>La fin des norias ? Réseaux migrants dans les économies marchandes en Méditerranée</text>
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                <text>La fin des norias ? Réseaux migrants dans les économies marchandes en Méditerranée</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>[SHS:SOCIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology</text>
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                <text>Entrepreneurs migrants</text>
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                <text>mouridisme</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Entrepreneurs migrants sur le marché de Vintimille</text>
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            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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                <text>scientific book chapter</text>
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                <text>Paris</text>
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                <text>Hily, Marie-Antoinette</text>
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                <text>2004</text>
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                <text>L'article traite de l'expérience des vendeurs migrants sur le marché de Vintimille situé à la frontière italo-française, en bord de mer, lieu particulier où s'observent des activités économiques et sociales portées par des migrants inscrits dans des pratiques commerciales licites ou illicites et dont le "métier" nécessite et utilise les ressources du déplacement. En rendant compte de cinq récits d'expérience de migrants dont l'intérêt porte tant pour les caractères singuliers de chacun d'entre eux pris séparément que pour les traits plus généraux qu'ils permettent de dégager de ces populations présentes sur les marchés, les auteurs montrent que l'activité commerçante est aussi une pratique sociale. Ils montrent que "la force liante de l'expérience migrante" se transforme et se recompose au fil des parcours et des opportunités et permet de réduire l'incertitude et la précarité auxquelles doivent faire face les migrants. De plus, entretenue à la faveur des échanges et des rencontres, elle constitue une ressource non négligeable et quasiment indispensable à la réalisation de nouveaux projets de mobilité. Elle se présente comme une construction sociale qui se réalise de proche en proche, dans le mouvement et au service de la mobilité.</text>
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                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00082953</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="536054">
                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/08/29/53/PDF/RFAS-2004-Hily_Rinaudo.pdf</text>
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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                <text>FRE</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
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                <text>Revue française des affaires sociales</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="536057">
                <text>Revue Française des Affaires Sociales</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="536058">
                <text>Revue Française des Affaires Sociales</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>[SHS:SOCIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology</text>
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                <text>Migrations</text>
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                <text>Vendeurs ambulants</text>
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                <text>Vintimille</text>
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                <text>L'Union européenne en développement, d'une part, le bassin méditerranéen, d'autre part, forment l'entité géo politique euro méditerranéenne. Le processus engagé à Barcelone en 1995 s'est fixé pour objectif de susciter, amplifier et accompagner cette entité dans sa redécouverte, réalisation et ancrage. Les villes du pourtour méditerranéen sont concernées par cette construction et peuvent se positionner comme des interfaces de médiation dans la rencontre de ceux deux continents. Tant la proximité géographique de ces villes que leur patrimoine historique, économique invitent les acteurs locaux à redécouvrir les flux de communication anciens et ceux, inscrits dans la modernité. Cette contribution s'inscrit dans le processus d'une thèse de Doctorat en S.I.C et s'interroge sur la vision décrite plus haut au travers de l'étude du potentiel de développement d'une ville moyenne à savoir, La Ciotat.</text>
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                <text>2e Rencontres Internationales de Saint-Raphaël "Tic &amp; Territoire: quels développements?", 5 &amp; 6 juin 2003.</text>
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                <text>2e Rencontres Internationales de Saint-Raphaël "Tic &amp; Territoire: quels développements?", 5 &amp; 6 juin 2003</text>
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                <text>[SHS:INFO:COLL] Humanities and Social Sciences/Library and information sciences/Local authorities</text>
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                <text>LE DEVELOPPEMENT D'UNE VILLE MOYENNE DANS L'ESPACE EURO MEDITERRANEEN.L'ETUDE D'UN CAS : LA CIOTAT</text>
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                <text>Le Bris, Emile (ed.)</text>
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                <text>AFRIQUE DU SUD</text>
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                <text>Hindson, D.</text>
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                <text>http://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010005820</text>
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                <text>oai:ird.fr:fdi:010005820</text>
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                <text>Hindson D. The apartheid city : construction, decline and reconstruction. In : Le Bris Emile (ed.).  Villes du sud : sur la route d'Istanbul. Paris : ORSTOM, 1996, p. 75-106. </text>
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                <text>ORSTOM</text>
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                <text>AMENAGEMENT URBAIN</text>
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                <text>POLITIQUE DU LOGEMENT</text>
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                <text>SQUATTERISATION</text>
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                <text>EVOLUTION</text>
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                <text>Villes du sud : sur la route d'Istanbul</text>
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                  <text>Histoire urbaine</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>revue publiée par Société française d'histoire urbaine</text>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>24</text>
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                <text>Hiram, Élise</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>2011</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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                <text>http://www.cairn.info/article.php?ID_ARTICLE=RHU_032_0031</text>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="448404">
                <text>fre</text>
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            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="448405">
                <text>Cairn</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="448406">
                <text>Histoire urbaine, n 32, 3, 2011-12-01, pp.31-52</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="448407">
                <text>Les cérémonies religieuses face à la météorologie</text>
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          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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              <name>Title</name>
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                  <text>Autres serveurs</text>
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              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="644239">
                  <text/>
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              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="644240">
                  <text>Crévilles</text>
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    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="195441">
                <text>Gleave, M. B. Supervisor</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="195442">
                <text>Hirse, S. O. </text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="195443">
                <text>1984</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="195444">
                <text>Turner's (1965,1967,1968) study of Lima's squatter settlements led to the view that uncontrolled settlements of the Third World cities are mainly a manifestation of the desires for housing ownership by people who are well integrated in the city and have experienced some amount of social mobility. In his work, Turner (1968) advanced a theoretical model of intraurban mobility in which rural-urban migration; upward social mobility, intra-urban mobility and the growth of spontaneous settlements are inter-related. Within this model, migrants are classified into three successive groups which corresponds with their level of involvement in gainful employment namely, 'Bridgeheader' i. e. the newly arrived migrants who are in search of employment or involved in low paid jobs, 'Consolidators' i. e. those who have had some urban experience and are in relatively better paid jobs; and 'Status Seekers' i. e. the upper class of low income group. Three housing priorities: - Location, security of tenure and quality of housing and environment were assigned to those class of migrants. Upward economic and social mobility from a low paid job to a better paid jobs, is argued within this model, to be reflected in a housing priority and expectation about living conditions. Those who move from lower position in the social hierarchy to a higher position also move from inner city slums to the suburbs. In other words, social mobility necessarily entails spatial mobility within the urban environment. Security of tenure and improvement of the quality of housing are thus functionally related. Consequently, it is recommended that stimulating those spontaneous activities as opposed to their eradication would benefit enormously from the resourcefulness of the squatters. Legalisation of land tenure, provision of infrastructural services and support-for local neighbourhood organisation are some of the essential elements for a more healthy urban policy. In this study attempt is made to test Turner's model of intraurban mobility in a regional context of West Africa. The study specifically examines the validity of the model in relation to a secondary city of (Jos) Nigeria, and asks whether Turner's model which is based almost entirely on the migratory characteristics and experience of Latin America has gone far enough in acknowledging the various dimensions of Third World rural-urban migration in which some migrate permanently while others intend only a temporary migration as well as the varying types of uncontrolled subareas that have emerged as a result of these differences. In most of West Africa, Including Nigeria, rural-urban migration tends not only to be temporary in character but is also structured by kinship relationships. Within this migratory context, migrants do not strive to consolidate their stay in the city. They prefer cheap rental accommodation, with a view to consolidating their position in the rural home towns. Security of tenure does not therefore rank high in their order of priorities, their social mobility does not lead to a spatial mobility. Within this migratory context, the distinction between permanent and temporary migrants has more validity and practical application than Turner's bridgeheader - consolidator dichotomy, since bridgeheaders are likely to remain bridgeheaders while in the city. Adopting the proposed distinction between permanent and temporary migrants provides a lot of insight into the ways in which migrant groups perceive the city environment and how their perception of the city in turn affects the development process of their settlement areas. Indeed, varying migratory characteristics leads to varying housing demands and housing ambitions in the city of migration. This also leads to variation in migrants reception areas in the city and thus affords the capacity of uncontrolled subareas to improve via self help housing. Thus, the distinction between permanent and temporary migrants provides a lot of insight into the understanding of why some uncontrolled settlements might improve through self help housing and why others might not. Most importantly, it provides more insights into the policy dimension of the problem.</text>
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                <text>http://usir.salford.ac.uk/id/eprint/14805</text>
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                <text>http://lallier.msh-vdl.fr/theses/items/show/1172</text>
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                <text>http://lallier.msh-vdl.fr/theses/archive/files/b0fc8d6a5b8bddec1c65b6189c56382e.jpg</text>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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                <text>en</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="195449">
                <text>University of Salford</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="195450">
                <text>West Africa, Jos, Nigeria, uncontrolled settlements, intra-urban mobility, urban migration, informal settlements, migrants, housing, economy, mobility, urban policy</text>
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                <text>West African uncontrolled settlements and the intra-urban mobility model: A case study of the secondary city, Jos, Nigeria</text>
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                <text>Burnham, John C. Advisor</text>
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                <text>This work offers a new perspective on the standard interpretation of suburbanization in the United States and provides a historical model within the literature of New Urbanism. The work investigates aspects of both the community and commodity of the “modern” home and what I refer to as the near urban neighborhood. During the early decades of the twentieth century, there was a fundamental change in the nature of housing in the United States. This change resulted in a new residential streets developed to be both automobile- and pedestrian-friendly; a new floor plan, what I refer to as a box for technology; and the commodification of the American home, equated with items such as the radio and automobile. The house itself, as it exists today, is a record of this change. In this study, architectural archaeology and an in depth investigation of one street in Columbus, Ohio, were used to gain historical insight about why the house changed. This study of eight primary artifacts (houses) was augmented by trade journals, plan books, and ladies’ magazines to show how the new house plan of the 1920s became standardized across the United States. These investigations showed that by the 1920s: 1. The house sat on a street. The street connected the house to services, often technological. And the neighborhood connected the house to community; 2. The house was a box for technology holding the appliances and artifacts connected to the systems on the street; 3. The box consisted of a series of rooms, each with its own technological appliances and devices; 4. Emergent middle-class families bought these homes. Evidence suggested that changes in technology became the common thread in the development of the new house type. The technological change within the near urban home was not a slow, progressive transition. The change was fast and revolutionary. By purchasing a near urban home, the homeowner bought and embraced the entire package of twentieth-century technology and culture. The home had become “modern” in both its plan and conception. And, builders and owners tied the idea of the “modern” home directly to the technology within.</text>
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                <text>Ohio State University</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>architecture, housing, consumer culture, neighborhood, community, technology, urban history, planning, New Urbanism</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Between city and suburb: The near urban neighborhood, technology, and the commodification of the American house, 1914-1934</text>
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            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Espaces et sociétés</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>revue publiée par ERES</text>
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              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
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                  <text>CAIRN</text>
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                <text>Hivernel, Jacques</text>
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                <text>http://www.cairn.info/article.php?ID_ARTICLE=ESP_G2002_108N1_0253</text>
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                <text>Espaces et sociétés, n108, 1, 2002-01-01, pp.253-316</text>
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                <text>La Madâfa de Bâb al-Nayrab, un repaire dans la ville, un relais dans l'espace</text>
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                  <text>Genèses</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>revue publiée par Belin</text>
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            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>51</text>
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            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Hmed, Choukri</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>2008</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>
  
  L'observation des pratiques par lesquelles des agents de l'État ont organisé depuis la Libération le contrôle et l'assistance des étrangers pose des problèmes à la fois théoriques et méthodologiques. À travers l'exemple du logement en foyers des étrangers « isolés », on montre dans cet article tout l'intérêt qu'il y a à saisir une politique publique à partir du travail pratique des streetlevel bureaucrats chargés de la mettre en ?uvre. On questionne ainsi l'élaboration du dispositif d'enquête sur des pratiques passées et le statut de l'entretien dans ce type d'enquête.
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                <text>http://www.cairn.info/article.php?ID_ARTICLE=GEN_072_0063</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="443506">
                <text>fre</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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                <text>Cairn</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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              <elementText elementTextId="443508">
                <text>Genèses, n 72, 3, 2008-10-21, pp.63-81</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="443509">
                <text>L'encadrement des étrangers « isolés » par le logement social (1950-1980)</text>
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              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text/>
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              </elementTextContainer>
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              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Crévilles</text>
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        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="195381">
                <text>Lewer, Debbie. Supervisor</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="195382">
                <text>Hobbs, Mark</text>
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            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>2010</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>This thesis examines the urban topography of Berlin’s working-class districts, as seen in the art, architecture and other images produced in the city between 1924 and 1930. During the 1920s, Berlin flourished as centre of modern culture. Yet this flourishing did not exist exclusively amongst the intellectual elites that occupied the city centre and affluent western suburbs. It also extended into the proletarian districts to the north and east of the city. Within these areas existed a complex urban landscape that was rich with cultural tradition and artistic expression. This thesis seeks to redress the bias towards the centre of Berlin and its recognised cultural currents, by exploring the art and architecture found in the city’s working-class districts. The thesis adopts Henri Lefebvre’s premise that each society creates its own space in which it lives, works, and sustains its cultural identity. On this basis, working-class culture and the spaces in which it was practiced, are treated with equal weight. The thesis begins by examining how the laissez-faire economics of the German Empire (1871–1914), combined with a massive influx of rural migrants into Berlin, creating a complex industrial landscape, whose working-class inhabitants retained many pastoral traditions. The thesis moves on to study the works of a number of artists active in Berlin between 1924 and 1930, using examples of their work to examine the unique nature of the working-class districts, and the culture and traditions that took place within them. The second half of the thesis explores the working-class districts from an explicitly political perspective. The extensive house building programme that took place across Berlin throughout the twenties is explored in all its varied and conflicting political perspectives. What emerges is a picture of a growing schism between Berlin’s Social Democratic government, and Communist supporters in the working-class districts. 1929 emerges as a critical year in which political contestations of space between the two parties and their supporters reached new levels of hostility, as working-class culture clashed against Social Democratic urban policy.</text>
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            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="195385">
                <text>http://theses.gla.ac.uk/2182/</text>
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                <text>http://lallier.msh-vdl.fr/theses/items/show/1166</text>
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                <text>http://lallier.msh-vdl.fr/theses/archive/files/e8fb2e97d2a83d449cb9b60fc34f88bd.jpg</text>
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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                <text>en</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
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                <text>University of Glasgow</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="195390">
                <text>art history, urban history, Weimar Germany, Weimar culture, cultural geography</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Visual representations of working-class Berlin, 1924-1930</text>
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            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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                <text>Thesis</text>
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              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Espaces et sociétés</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
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                  <text>revue publiée par ERES</text>
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              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
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                  <text>CAIRN</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="429125">
                <text>78</text>
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            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="429126">
                <text>Hocquet, Marie</text>
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                <text>2013</text>
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                <text>http://www.cairn.info/article.php?ID_ARTICLE=ESP_152_0067</text>
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                <text>fre</text>
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            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="429130">
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                <text>La patrimonialisation du centre historique de Berlin, un oubli programmé ?</text>
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                <text>Berlin est une ville qui suscite un nombre impressionnant d'images liées à l'histoire du 20eme siècle. Rares sont les villes qui condensent autant d'empreintes dans lesquelles on peut lire les grands événements qui marquèrent l'Europe et le monde. Sur les ruines du siècle passé, Berlin tente aujourd'hui de s'ériger en capitale allemande, un centre du pouvoir politique et économique, la ville reflet d'une démocratie allemande qui se veut modeste et exemplaire. La chute du Mur est un événement qui, pour ses contemporains, a sans conteste débouché sur une rupture d'intelligibilité. Si elle ouvre de facto de nouvelles perspectives à venir, cette rupture d'intelligibilité n'en préfigure pas moins un rapport radicalement nouveau au passé. En Allemagne réunifiée, et plus particulièrement à Berlin, un vaste travail de réévaluation des passés s'est amorcé, ayant pour objectif de combler de sens la nouvelle donne née de l'événement 1989. Le traitement des hauts-lieux du communisme, qui s'effectue de concert avec un vaste travail sur le passé de la RDA, répond à de multiples exigences qui se déclinent en termes politiques, identitaires et économiques. Il importe à la fois de comprendre comment la construction de récits officiels du passé communiste s'inscrit dans une dynamique globale de constitution et 'inscription de récits nationaux de la nouvelle Allemagne dans l'espace urbain de la capitale, et de porter une attention particulière à la réception de ces reconstructions du passé au sein des "publics" berlinois. Comment des références communes à la RDA se construisent-elles? Et comment, en retour, des récits alternatifs de la ville et de ses passés viennent-ils s'opposer aux interprétations, parfois homogénéisantes, que propose le" Nouveau Berlin"?</text>
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                <text>The aim of the present study is to demonstrate that research focusing merely on economic and physical effects in a given area, and ignoring the social aspects and ambiance of new transport infrastructure, inevitably suffers a loss of quality. The special characteristic of the present study lies in the way in which it assesses infrastructure developments, in regions that were previously peripheral, on the basis of urban development phenomena, social phenomena and ambiances.</text>
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                <text>Introduction L’héritage des beaux-arts en question L’architecte Jean-François Zévaco est institutionnellement rattaché par sa formation à l’École Nationale Supérieure des Beaux-Arts (l’ENSBA), dont il suit l’enseignement de 1937 à 1945, d’abord à Paris, puis à Marseille pendant l’Occupation (cf. Hofbauer, 2006). Français né à Casablanca le 8 août 1916 de parents originaires d’Ajaccio, il fait partie des « futurs concepteurs du Casablanca d’après 1945 » (Cohen et Eleb, 1998, p. 244). Les figur...</text>
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