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                  <text>Archives ouvertes des études urbaines</text>
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                  <text>Collection of HAL papers</text>
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            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>Tunisia</text>
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                <text>Ben Hadj Salem, Mohsen</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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                <text>2008</text>
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                <text>The TGM (Tunis-Goulette-Marsa) is a railway line which connects Tunis with&lt;br /&gt;Marsa while passing by Goulette. The first electrified suburban line of the&lt;br /&gt;African continent, bears officially the name of TGM since 1905, date of the&lt;br /&gt;inauguration of the first direct layout through the Tunis Lake. In fact well the&lt;br /&gt;TGM was at the origin of the Tunis extension of towards north creating in sea&lt;br /&gt;front, the most attractive suburbs of the capital. We propose to put the projector&lt;br /&gt;on this railway line characteristics and the architectural specificities of its&lt;br /&gt;stations, in an historical and contemporary aiming, in order to direct the Tunisian&lt;br /&gt;urban developers towards the interests of the railway heritage and to feed the&lt;br /&gt;current reflexion on Tunisian urban space and the rail-bound transports.&lt;br /&gt;Indeed, to follow the evolution of the suburban railroad statutes contributes to an&lt;br /&gt;awareness of the city as a significant space. The reading of urban space is not&lt;br /&gt;limited to architectural forms, it is also organized by its means of transports.&lt;br /&gt;Instead of getting lost in a total, general and reducing definition of the northern&lt;br /&gt;Tunis suburbs identity, we will target the place of the railway identity of an area&lt;br /&gt;in its total identity.&lt;br /&gt;More precisely, we think that the Railway stations are urban entities which knew&lt;br /&gt;how to generate their own temporal culture, and where it is urgent to study the&lt;br /&gt;“lifespan” of its identity impact. Line TGM is punctuated by stations which&lt;br /&gt;preserved the original néo-Moorish style with a repair in 1979, but today, a&lt;br /&gt;harmony loss with surrounding urban fabric is clearly perceptible. These stations&lt;br /&gt;are directly active in the production of the suburbs regional identity but are&lt;br /&gt;locked up and are not any more transformed to constitute a different universe&lt;br /&gt;being used as developing reference. The TGM myth does not exist any more but&lt;br /&gt;only in books. With the accelerated urbanization and use of cars, those which&lt;br /&gt;take it are stripped and do not have any idea of its history. This micro-regional&lt;br /&gt;identity can, through a particular form of development, overcome the challenges&lt;br /&gt;of urban developments which tend to asphyxiate it and destroy it.&lt;br /&gt;On a methodological level, it is a question to write an identifying monograph of&lt;br /&gt;a space, on the one hand, by exploring its endogenous memory, and on the other&lt;br /&gt;hand, by focusing on contemporary uses and practical. We will carry a new&lt;br /&gt;glance on urban, architectural, technical, economic and social potentialities of&lt;br /&gt;TGM line and stations. We will emphasize the permanence of historical indices&lt;br /&gt;which are continuously secreted.&lt;br /&gt;The results will consolidate the assumption that the railway line identity and&lt;br /&gt;architectural potential must be better taken into Tunisian urban space reflexions.&lt;br /&gt;The relations which we establish between railway identity, architectural identity&lt;br /&gt;and social identity, is a transverse reading which makes possible a better control&lt;br /&gt;of increasing contradictions between the areas modernization and their urban&lt;br /&gt;identity.</text>
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                <text>Regional architecture and identity in the age of globalization</text>
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                <text>Regional architecture and identity in the age of globalization, The Second International Conference of the Center for the study of architecture in the Arab Region</text>
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                <text>[SHS:ARCHI] Humanities and Social Sciences/Architecture, space management</text>
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                <text>[SHS:HIST] Humanities and Social Sciences/History</text>
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                <text>A regional identity through a railway line : North&lt;br /&gt;Tunis suburb and the TGM</text>
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                  <text>Revues.org</text>
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                <text>Lomba, Roni Mayer</text>
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                <text>Nobre-Júnior, Benedito Baliero</text>
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                <text>2013-07-18</text>
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                <text>Cet article traite de la relation entre villes et campagnes et zones rurales et urbaines, en se basant sur l'étude du marché et des foires populaires de la ville fluviale d’Afuá, Pará. Il part du postulat que les divers réseaux d'approvisionnement de la ville et ses flux intrarégionaux sont en connexion, principalement avec d'autres villes et localités existantes, par le réseau fluvial, dynamisant la commercialisation des productions et marchandises régionales, primaires ou manufacturées. Cette recherche met en exergue la dynamique du commerce, au moyen d'une enquête et d’une recherche, par l’analyse des contributions théoriques, des entrevues, des documents photographiques et des entretiens qualitatifs qui en seront les supports. Cette étude vise à (re)penser les concepts et définitions de la relation ville-campagne et rural-urbain dans le contexte des villes fluviales d'Amazonie, et les spécificités de la relation rural-urbain dans la ville d’Afuá à partir de la dynamique de ce type de commerce, par la mise en valeur de son importance dans les différents réseaux de flux qui alimentent la ville en termes culturels, économiques et symboliques. Les résultats de cette recherche montrent une relation ville-campagne et rural-urbain plutôt inhérente aux villes fluviales d'Amazonie, où même l'avènement de la modernisation et ses conséquences sur les relations sociales et économiques n’ont pas perturbé le mode de vie ou la territorialité qui s’y sont historiquement construites. </text>
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                <text>The rural-town relationship is discussed through an investigation of popular markets or fairs in the river coastal town of Afuá PA Brazil. The several supply networks in the town and its intra-regional movements have wide connections underscored by the river that boosts the commerce of in natura or industrialized regional products and goods. Commerce dynamism is focused in current research which is performed through the investigatory method and analyzes theoretical contributions, interviews, photos and reflections, which are instruments that underpin its materialization. Current investigation re-considers the concepts and definitions of the countryside-town and rural-urban relationships within the context of the river coastal towns of the Amazon. It also investigates the specificities of the rural-urban relationship in Afuá from the point of view of commercial dynamics. In fact, its importance within the several movement networks, namely cultural, economical and symbolic, that supply the town, is demonstrated. Results show an intrinsic countryside-town and rural-urban relationship of the Amazon coastal towns. Even within the modernization context the economical and social relationships have not disrupted the way of life or the territoriality historically built and still extant in the region. </text>
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                <text>O presente trabalho discute a relação campo-cidade e rural-urbano, tomando como base o estudo sobre o mercado popular ou feiras na cidade ribeirinha de Afuá-PA. Parte-se do pressuposto de que as diversas redes de abastecimentos na cidade e seus fluxos intrarregionais possuem conexões, principalmente com outras cidades e localidades existentes, pela rede fluvial, dinamizando a comercialização de produtos e mercadorias regionais (in natura) ou industrializadas. Nessa pesquisa é pontuada a dinâmica do comércio, pelo método de investigação/pesquisa, analisadas as contribuições teóricas, entrevistas, registros fotográficos, observação e entrevistas qualitativas, sendo instrumentos de suporte para efetivação da mesma. Este trabalho buscou (re)pensar os conceitos e definições da relação campo-cidade e rural-urbano no contexto das cidades ribeirinhas amazônicas; as especificidades da relação rural-urbano na cidade de Afuá, a partir da dinâmica desse tipo de comércio apontando sua importância nas diversas redes de fluxos que abastecem a cidade em termos culturais, econômicos e simbólicos. Os resultados da pesquisa apontam uma relação campo-cidade e rural-urbano bastante intrínseca nas cidades ribeirinhas amazônicas, que, mesmo com o advento da modernização implicando nas relações econômicas e sociais não desestruturaram o modo de vida ou uma territorialidade que historicamente ali fora construído. </text>
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                <text>http://confins.revues.org/8405</text>
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                <text>fr</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>Afuá</text>
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                <text>Amazônia</text>
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                <text>Pará</text>
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                <text>River territoriality; way of life; Amazon region.</text>
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                <text>Amazonie.</text>
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                <text>modes de vie</text>
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                <text>Territorialité fluviale</text>
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                <text>Amazônia.</text>
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                <text>Territorialidade ribeirinha</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>A relação rural-urbano a partir das cidades ribeirinhas: o papel do comércio popular (feiras) na cidade de Afuá (PA)</text>
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                  <text>Crévilles</text>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>A shout in the street : An excursion into the modern city</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>, rue, paysage urbain, société urbaine, littérature, Jukes Peter, London, Londres, New York, Leningrad, Paris, St Petersburg, Saint-Pétersbourg</text>
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Peter Jukes

</text>
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1991

</text>
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University of California Press 

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                <text>http://www.ucpress.edu/op.php?isbn=9780520075535</text>
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258</text>
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                <text>&lt;b&gt;Abstract from the publisher : &lt;/b&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
A remarkable meditation on the topography of the modern city, A Shout in the Street  offers a close and sensitive examination of four urban landscapes -- London, Paris, Leningrad, and New York. Peter Jukes pursues the essence of these international metropolises in an assemblage comprised of his own evocative essays, excerpts from modern masters of the essay form such as Benjamin, Barthes, and Sontag, and period photographs. A Shout in the Street, with a keenly cinematic eye, searches out not just the glittering facades, but the vitality of thoroughfares and neighborhoods. &lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;b&gt;Peter Jukes &lt;/b&gt;is a British author, screenwriter, playwright,&amp;nbsp; and literary critic.&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
&amp;nbsp;&lt;/div&gt;
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                <text>Ouvrage</text>
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        <name>Jukes Peter</name>
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        <name>Londres</name>
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        <name>New York</name>
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        <name>Paris</name>
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        <name>paysage urbain</name>
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        <name>rue</name>
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      <tag tagId="1708">
        <name>Saint-Pétersbourg</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="417">
        <name>société urbaine</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1707">
        <name>St Petersburg</name>
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            <name>Creator</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="475008">
                <text>De Palma, André</text>
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                <text>Proost, Stef</text>
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                <text>Van Der Loo, Saskia</text>
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                <text>2013-07-03</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
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                <text>We use a simple economy with two interconnected geographical zones. Individuals can live and work in one of the two zones or can commute between them. This model is used to explore the dynamics of housing and work decisions after a permanent shock in labour demand occurred in one of the two zones. We illustrate the role of the different levels of expectation of developers and government transport agencies for the equilibrium on the housing and the labour markets. The model is used to identify better Cost-Benefit rules for transport invest-ments and the role of coordination between housing and transport decisions.</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00841105</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="475014">
                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/84/11/05/PDF/Disc_Paper_AdP_SP_SVDL_2013.pdf</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="475015">
                <text>ENG</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="475016">
                <text>[SHS:ECO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economy and finances</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="475017">
                <text>urban economics</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="475018">
                <text>transport</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="475019">
                <text>housing</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="475020">
                <text>dynamic land use</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="475021">
                <text>A small model of equilibrium mechanisms in a city</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="475022">
                <text>preprint</text>
              </elementText>
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  <item itemId="11898" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="29">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644238">
                  <text>Autres serveurs</text>
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              </elementTextContainer>
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            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644239">
                  <text/>
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            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644240">
                  <text>Crévilles</text>
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              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
          </elementContainer>
        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="37">
            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194361">
                <text>Svendsen, Sven Erik. Supervisor</text>
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                <text>Hoyem, Harald. Supervisor</text>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="194363">
                <text>Wang, Tao</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>2004</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194365">
                <text>In the 1990s, the Chinese housing reform reached a pivotal moment. The dismantling of the old public housing system and the high price of the commercial housing left the housing needs of a large number of the population unresolved. In 1998, a new multilevel housing provision system was schemed to solve this dilemma. The focus of this thesis is to bring the social housing perspective to this new development in the Chinese housing reform.

In terms of theorization and methodology, the housing study is characterized by being atheoretical and positivist work. As a response, social constructionist methodology has been gradually introduced which alerts housing researchers to the unrecognized metanarratives embedded in their studies. The debate on the divergent and convergent views on the social housing development is introduced for two purposes: on the one hand, their generalization can serve as the background knowledge to the different roles and forms of social housing; on the other, the debate serves as a reminder of the author the complicated relationship between social housing and its historical and social context. The present definition of social housing serves as the start point of discussion. The main method of this study is historical-informed and discourse-aware case studies.

At the beginning of the thesis, a historical study of the policy changes of the Chinese housing reform since the early 1980s suggests the affordable housing issue has gradually become the driving force of the reform especially in the 1990s. This social housing perspective on the reform is tested in explaining the persistent work-unit housing phenomenon in the 1990s. The argument is that, with the affordability question of the commercial housing, the work-unit has been fastened to the role of the affordable housing provider before alternative housing provisions emerge and take over. In the light of this, the housing reform policy of 1998 is understood as an effort to construct such housing provisions.

Three types of new housing provisions are brought under investigation in the following chapters: the Economical and Comfortable Housing (ECH), the Low-Rent Housing, and the New Local Authority Housing. The first two are prescribed on the 1998 policy, while the latter is a unique practice of the local authority of Shenzhen. Each of these provisions is studied by relating a case-study project to its local contexts. The process, product and performance are analyzed in terms of their beneficiaries, affordability, and land, planning and design features.

Serving as the housing for the mid- and low-income population, ECH in Beijing has encountered difficulties, both in targeting the desired population and regulating the affordability. The reasons are the multi-intentions attached to it and the conflicting expectations of it by the parties involved. It reveals that releasing the state from housing responsibility is still the priority of the housing reform, while the strategy of making profit-driven developers affordable housing providers is problematic and makes their role ambiguous.

The first Low-Rent Housing project in Xi’an is still in standstill two years after its completion in 2001. Though defined clearly as housing for the disadvantaged population, in practice, the actual needs are underestimated. Besides, there are no concrete financing measures and significant advantages facilitate the implementation of the project These questions have resulted in the local authority hesitating to continue such development.

The New Local Authority Housing in Shenzhen is a very special phenomenon. On the one hand, it has successfully transformed the old public housing into a new system based on the privatization principle; one the other, its benefits are mainly restricted to the municipal employees, and their needs are measured by the bureaucratic hierarchy instead of actual housing needs. The societal needs of affordable housing are neglected in this new system.

This complicated and fragmented scenario of new housing provisions is brought to a theoretical examination in the Conclusion. By relating the historical study and the three new housing provisions to the theoretical framework of social housing, the nature of the new housing provisions are discerned; furthermore, the implication and limitation of present knowledge to the understanding of the Chinese housing reform are identified. Although providing valuable knowledge on the roles and forms of social housing, the present knowledge fails to support fruitful analysis of the complicated expectations and contexts attached to the new housing provisions in China. At the end of the thesis, the paradoxes in these new housing provisions are identified, and alternative solutions are suggested. Further theoretical and empirical investigation are anticipated for the social housing issue in the Chinese housing reform.</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194366">
                <text>http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-2165</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="194367">
                <text>http://lallier.msh-vdl.fr/theses/items/show/1001</text>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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                <text>en</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194370">
                <text>Norwegian University of Science and Technology - NTNU</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194371">
                <text>housing, social housing, housing policy</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="194372">
                <text>A social perspective on the reformed urban housing provision system in China : Three cases in Beijing, Xi'an and Shenzhen</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644271">
                  <text>Géocarrefour</text>
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              </elementTextContainer>
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              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644272">
                  <text>revue publiée par Assoc. des amis de la R.G.L.</text>
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            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644273">
                  <text>CAIRN</text>
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              </elementTextContainer>
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    <elementSetContainer>
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        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>59</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="91336">
                <text>2008</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="91337">
                <text>http://www.cairn.info/article.php?ID_ARTICLE=GEOC_832_0073</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="91338">
                <text>fre</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="91339">
                <text>Cairn</text>
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            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="91340">
                <text>Géocarrefour, , 2, 2008-12-01, pp.73-77</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="91341">
                <text>Dynamiques spatiales</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="91342">
                <text> disparités Nord-Sud</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="91343">
                <text> typologie</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="91344">
                <text> Angleterre</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="91345">
                <text> Pays de Galles</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="91346">
                <text>Spatial dynamics</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="91347">
                <text> North-South Divide</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="91348">
                <text> taxonomy</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="91349">
                <text> England</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="91350">
                <text> Wales</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="91351">
                <text>A spatial typology of the emerging post-industrial geography of England and Wales</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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    </elementSetContainer>
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          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
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                  <text>Archives ouvertes des études urbaines</text>
                </elementText>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>Collection of HAL papers</text>
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            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="644255">
                  <text>HAL</text>
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              </elementTextContainer>
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      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="503970">
                <text>Hottin, Christian</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>1997</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="503972">
                <text>Short summary of the these "A study on the decoration of higher education etablissements in Paris" (1997, Ecole des Chartes, Paris, France)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="503973">
                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-00110651</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="503974">
                <text>http://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/11/06/51/PDF/ENGLISH_SUMMARY.pdf</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="503975">
                <text>ENG</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="503976">
                <text>[SHS:ART] Humanities and Social Sciences/Art and art history</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="503977">
                <text>[SHS:ARCHI] Humanities and Social Sciences/Architecture, space management</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="503978">
                <text>[SHS:ANTHRO_SE] Humanities and Social Sciences/Social Anthropology and ethnology</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="503979">
                <text>[SHS:EDU] Humanities and Social Sciences/Education</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="503980">
                <text>[SHS:HISPHILSO] Humanities and Social Sciences/History, Philosophy and Sociology of Sciences</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="503981">
                <text>[SHS:HIST] Humanities and Social Sciences/History</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="503982">
                <text>[SHS:MUSEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Cultural heritage and museology</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="503983">
                <text>university</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="503984">
                <text>architecture of the universities</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="503985">
                <text>paintigns</text>
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                <text>sculptures</text>
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                <text>Sorbonne</text>
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                <text>higher studies</text>
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                <text>&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;architecture universitaire</text>
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                <text>This paper describes the development of a model architecture based on systems dynamics and econometrics. The purpose of the system of models is to simulate the medium­ and long­term effects of urban transport policies with reference to sustainable travel. Three models are presented successively with some results from simulation. The first model relates to the regulation of public transport finance and allows for the constraint of the scarcity of public funds. The second is a modal split model based on price­time modelling. The third is a combined assignment and time of departure choice model based on a queuing representation of congestion. Finally, the coupling between the last two models is described.</text>
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                <text>AET. European Transport Conference 2003 – ETC 2003, 8 - 10 october 2003, Strasbourg</text>
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                <text>[SHS:ECO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economy and finances</text>
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                <text>system dynamics</text>
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                <text>Econometrics model</text>
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                <text>Urban travel system</text>
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                <text>A systems dynamics model for the urban travel system</text>
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                <text>Lee, S.W.</text>
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                <text>Song, D.W.</text>
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                <text>Ducruet, César</text>
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                <text>Globalization and transport revolution, logistics integration, and the consequent expansion of port area and hinterland in the maritime industry have redefined the functional role of ports in supply chains and have generated a new pattern of freight distribution. This phenomenon again requires a new approach towards port development and related urban planning. Such changes have inevitably influenced the spatial structure of hub port cities. As existing models on spatial and functional evolution of ports and cities are mainly derived from European and American cases, this paper attempts to introduce evidence from an Asian perspective, focusing on the particular case of global hub port cities such as Hong Kong and Singapore</text>
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                <text>ISSN:0016-7185</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>[SHS:GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography</text>
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                <text>spatial evolution</text>
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                <text>Asian consolidation model</text>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>A tale of Asia's world ports: The spatial evolution in global hub port cities</text>
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                  <text>Crévilles</text>
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                <text>O'Kelly, Morton. Advisor</text>
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                <text>McChesney, Ronald John</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>An urban growth model is conceptualized as a metropolitan change model consisting of multiple scales: global, regional and local. The baseline model operates in a free trade environment, in a space initially without consideration of the regulatory and redistributive forces of national and state governmental levels. Space in this study is abstracted as a metropolitan envelope, which is defined to start at the beginning of the twentieth century with the emergence of the New York, London and Tokyo metropolitan systems, and expanded one hundred years later into a system of four hundred major central cities and their associated commuter hinterlands. The expectation is that this system will continue to expand in the twenty-first century, as the primary engine of global economic diffusion and development. The purpose of this research is to model economic spatial interactions that generate investment flows that in turn convert into economic activity after the construction and placement of private and public infrastructure. The global model provides a set of allocated investment flows to regions, and the regional model provides employment and residential allocations to the local model, which displays land use changes. One major goal is to test the systems ability (or not) to achieve partial convergence of per capita incomes across the set of metropolitan spaces over multiple scales. For a variety of tested scenarios, temporal convergence and rank-size rule metrics can be evaluated at multiple spatial scales.</text>
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                <text>http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1209393707</text>
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                <text>http://lallier.msh-vdl.fr/theses/items/show/1089</text>
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                <text>http://lallier.msh-vdl.fr/theses/archive/files/006c7ed22583096d7d79a41e7c3194e7.jpg</text>
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                <text>en</text>
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                <text>Ohio State University</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>scale, metropolitan, land use, urban growth model, urban, population growth, spatial interaction, urban sprawl, world cities</text>
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                <text>A three-scale metropolitan change model</text>
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                <text>L'Hostis, Alain</text>
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                <text>The objective of this contribution is to establish a method linking the performance of the regional rail transport network and two principles of territorial organisation around a central pole (monocentric option) or in a city network (polycentric option), applied to the Région Nord-Pas-de-Calais in France. The first step here is to define a set of urban centres, on which the spatial organisation principles are applied. The analysis of the quality of transport service is established from an indicator expressing the possibility to accomplish daily trips between two cities with a ‘fast train at the right moment' from home and back. The method allows us to analyse the answer of the transport system to expressed or potential demand, but it is also used to analyse the spatial organisation of the system and to link it to spatial planning objectives. From this point of view, the organisation of the Région Nord-Pas-de-Calais appears more to exhibit a monocentric pattern around Lille than to lend significant support to the polycentric idea. The promotion of such a polycentric organisation will then only be possible through a voluntarist regional planning policy.</text>
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                <text>http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/14/56/83/PDF/refereed20.pdf</text>
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="532188">
                <text>European Journal of Spatial Development</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>[SHS:ARCHI] Humanities and Social Sciences/Architecture, space management</text>
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                <text>Transport network</text>
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                <text>Regional spatial planning</text>
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                <text>Monocentrism</text>
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                <text>Polycentrism</text>
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                <text>Transport service assessment</text>
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                <text>Accessibility indicators</text>
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                <text>A Transport network for a City network: Analysing the quality of the public transport service in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region</text>
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&#13;
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&#13;
Elle ouvrait la réflexion sur ces mouvements en partie paradoxaux d'exportation, de relégation ou de reprise du concept d'espace public. &#13;
&#13;
Depuis, des événements socio-politiques majeurs – la crise financière, les « printemps arabes », la crise malienne, notamment, ainsi que des évolutions moins brutales mais tout aussi décisives comme l'invasion massive de nos existences par le numérique – n’ont fait que confirmer la fécondité heuristique de cette enquête qui s’est poursuivie, diversifiée et infléchie. &#13;
&#13;
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                <text>Métropoles en mouvement : une comparaison internationale</text>
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                  <text>Géographie et cultures étudie la géographie culturelle, en centrant le propos sur le « tournant culturel » et plus largement les cultural studies. Depuis 1992, elle dresse un panorama actualisé en France et à l’étranger de l’état de la recherche dans ce domaine. La revue est conçue comme une plateforme d’idées, d’objets et de formats nouveaux, elle occupe une place originale dans son champ académique.</text>
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              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>mondialisation</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="638603">
                <text>rue</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="638604">
                <text>commerce</text>
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                <text>Ivory Coast</text>
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                <text>globalization</text>
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                <text>trade</text>
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                <text>Espace ; société et territoire</text>
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                <text>Géographie : politique ; culture et représentation</text>
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                <text>isi:Environmental studies</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="638612">
                <text>isi:Geography</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>Le mouvement de la mondialisation n’épargne aucun pays. En Côte d’Ivoire, il s’exprime sous plusieurs formes dans les villes, villages et hameaux. Ce processus entraîne des mutations spatiales, sociales, économiques et culturelles. Cette contribution présente la manifestation de la mondialisation dans deux rues d’une métropole ouest-africaine portuaire. Aussi montrons-nous que le renforcement de l’économie libérale par la globalisation est révélateur des dynamiques souvent propres aux grandes villes ouvertes mais permet également d’accentuer le processus d’exclusion, de vulnérabilité sociale, de précarisation et de recomposition spatiale. En quelque sorte, la mondialisation fragilise une certaine fraction de population et la déverse dans les rues, pour en faire des parias de la société. Ces espaces publics se sont renforcés comme des lieux d’expérimentation et de constructions collectives ou individuelles d’alternatives économiques et sociales, devenant, pour ces populations précarisées, un rempart contre l’anéantissement social. De nouvelles solidarités se tissent à travers des formes inédites d’échange, de crédits et d’épargne qui mettent l’accent sur la mutualité. Une nouvelle forme de régulation sociale par la rue s’est créée.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="638614">
                <text>Globalization as a trend has no limit even on country. In Ivory Coast, it expresses itself under several figures in cities, villages and hamlets. This process leads on spatial, social, economic and cultural changes of the environment. This contribution, based on the expression of globalization within two famous streets from a West African harboring metropolis (Abidjan). Here, we are highlighting through geographical logic the magnitude of the phenomenon. We are also showing that the strengthening of free market economy through globalization, is revealing of some dynamics specific to big cities indeed opened to all, but in a certain extend closed due to globalization that enhances the process of exclusion, social vulnerability, insecurity and urban instability. In a sense, globalization weakens population and poured it into streets to make outcasts of society-societal area. These public areas have been increased and organized as some places of experimentation and of collective or individual construction to face economic and social difficulties, becoming for these hopeless populations, a bulwark against social annihilation. So new kinds of solidarities are appearing through new forms of exchange, credit and savings that focus on mutuality. Indeed, a new form of social control through street has so been created.</text>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="638615">
                <text>Nassa, Dabié</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="638616">
                <text>Géographie et cultures</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="638617">
                <text>2009</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="638618">
                <text>fr</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="638619">
                <text>article</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="638620">
                <text>http://gc.revues.org/2124</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="638621">
                <text>Côte d’Ivoire</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="638622">
                <text>Afrique</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="638623">
                <text>Abidjan</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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          <name>Dublin Core</name>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644247">
                  <text>Urbanisation et sociétés urbaines</text>
                </elementText>
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            </element>
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              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644249">
                  <text>IRD</text>
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        <elementContainer>
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            <name>Contributor</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="348106">
                <text>Dureau, Françoise (coord.)</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="348107">
                <text>Dupont, Véronique (coord.)</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="348108">
                <text>Lelièvre, E. (coord.)</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="348109">
                <text>Lévy, J.P. (coord.)</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="348110">
                <text>Lulle, T. (coord.)</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="348111">
                <text>Silva, M. (trad.)</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="348112">
                <text>Lizoir, G. (trad.)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="348113">
                <text>COTE D'IVOIRE</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="348114">
                <text>ABIDJAN</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="348115">
                <text>Haeringer, Philippe</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="348116">
                <text>2002</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="348117">
                <text>text/pdf</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="348118">
                <text>http://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010031174</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="348119">
                <text>oai:ird.fr:fdi:010031174</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="348120">
                <text>Haeringer Philippe. Abidjan : cuatro circulo mas uno. In : Dureau Françoise (coord.), Dupont Véronique (coord.), Lelièvre E. (coord.), Lévy J.P. (coord.), Lulle T. (coord.), Silva M. (trad.), Lizoir G. (trad.)  Metropolis en movimiento : una comparacion internacional. Bogota : Alfaomega, 2002, p. 21-27. (Economia de America Latina). Metropolis en Movimiento : Las Interracciones entre Formas de Movilidad y Recomposiciones Territoriales, a Prueba de la Comparcion Internacional : Taller Internacional, Paris (FRA), 1998/12/04-08</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="348121">
                <text>SP</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="348122">
                <text>Alfaomega</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="348123">
                <text>VILLE</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="348124">
                <text>HISTOIRE COLONIALE</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="348125">
                <text>MEGAPOLE</text>
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                <text>URBANISATION</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="348127">
                <text>PLANIFICATION URBAINE</text>
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                <text>HABITAT SPONTANE</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="348129">
                <text>VILLE NOUVELLE</text>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Abidjan : cuatro circulo mas uno</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="348131">
                <text>Metropolis en movimiento : una comparacion internacional</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="348132">
                <text>text</text>
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