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                <text>1. The basic situation of China's population mapping </text>
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                <text>150 ans de dualité démographique en Belgique</text>
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                <text>523-526</text>
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                <text>Professeur Pritvish Nag</text>
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                <text>1991</text>
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                <text>Nag Prithvish, Désiré Joëlle. 2. Cartographie des populations en Inde : nouvelles tendances. In: Espace, populations, sociétés, 1991-3. Méthodes de cartographie statistique des populations - Statistical population mapping. pp. 523-526.</text>
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                <text>http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/espos_0755-7809_1991_num_9_3_1494</text>
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                <text>2. Cartographie des populations en Inde : nouvelles tendances</text>
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                  <text>www.persee.fr/static-image/img_revue?name=espos_Couverture.png</text>
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                <text>54-61</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="373863">
                <text>Shekhar Mukherji</text>
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                <text>Un modèle canonique de migration vers les villes. 
Un modèle canonique est utilisé pour analyser les relations entre l'exode rural et les migrations inter-urbaines, la structure économique des villes et les flux de capitaux. En fonction de la pénurie d'emplois dans les plus grandes villes, il s'y développe des activités de services occasionnelles. 
L'étude envisage conjointement les motifs de migration, la structure économique des villes et les flux de capitaux. La matrice de migration M est l'ensemble dépendant, l'ensemble indépendant étant formé par une combinaisons des matrices I (Investissements) et E (structure économique des villes). On fait apparaître les relations suivantes : 
a) les migrants ruraux se retrouvent dans les activités occasionnelles, et sont liés négativement aux ouvriers, qui sont engagés dans les métiers créés par le nouvel investissement ; 
b) les migrants interurbains sont attirés par les villes où la construction et le secteur tertiaire dominent sur le secteur industriel ; 
c) la migration rurale s'oriente davantage vers les villes qui offrent des possibilités d'emplois de service, que vers les villes industrielles. 
Enfin, il n'y a pas de lien entre les flux de migration et les investissements.</text>
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                <text>Mukherji Shekhar. A canonical model of migration to cities. In: Espace, populations, sociétés, 1985-1. Migrations et urbanisation - Migrations and cities. pp. 54-61.</text>
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                <text>http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/espos_0755-7809_1985_num_3_1_1002</text>
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                <text>eng</text>
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                <text>Unskilled Migrants ; Rural-urban Shift ; Urban-to-Urban Migration ; Unemployment ; India ; Canonical Analysis.</text>
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                <text>Analyse canonique. ; Exode rural ; Inde ; Migrations interurbaines ; chômage ; Migrants sans formation</text>
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                <text>A canonical model of migration to cities</text>
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                <text>117-132</text>
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                <text>Pierre-Jean Thumerelle</text>
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                <text>Thumerelle Pierre-Jean. À propos de l'immigration algérienne en France. In: Espace, populations, sociétés, 1983-2. L'immigration étrangère en Europe occidentale. pp. 117-132.</text>
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                <text>http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/espos_0755-7809_1983_num_1_2_919</text>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>À propos de l'immigration algérienne en France</text>
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                <text>François Tonnellier</text>
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            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="381354">
                <text>1992</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="381355">
                <text>Les différences de composition sociale des communes se traduisent par des inégalités pour les indicateurs de santé et d'accès aux soins. Ces inégalités recouvrent une hiérarchie sociale (villes ouvrières et banlieues « chics »), une hiérarchie entre les activités (secteur tertiaire, commerce, industrie).</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="381356">
                <text>Access to Health Care and Urban Inequalities in France. 

Differences in the social make-up of towns result in inequalities of health indicators (health status, access to gps). These differences illustrate the impact of spatial structure: urban hierarchy between the inner city and suburbs, social hierarchy between wealthy and poor districts and contrasts between industrial areas and commercial centres. This study was achieved by doing a cluster analysis of 36,000 communes in France. </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="381357">
                <text>Tonnellier François. Accès aux soins et types de communes en France. In: Espace, populations, sociétés, 1992-3. Espaces de soins dans les pays développés - Health Care Areas in the developed countries. pp. 297-311.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="381358">
                <text>http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/espos_0755-7809_1992_num_10_3_1537</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="381359">
                <text>doi:10.3406/espos.1992.1537</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="381360">
                <text>fre</text>
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            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="381361">
                <text>PERSEE</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="381362">
                <text>Urban Inequalities ; Access to Health Care ; Social Inequalities.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="381363">
                <text>inégalités sociales. ; Accès aux soins ; inégalités urbaines</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="381364">
                <text>Accès aux soins et types de communes en France</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="381365">
                <text>article</text>
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                  <text>Espace Populations Sociétés</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>199-209</text>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="384815">
                <text>Vincent Piédanna</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="384816">
                <text>Frédéric Dumont</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="384817">
                <text>1998</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="384818">
                <text>Dans certaines régions, dont le Nord-Pas-de-Calais, on a multiplié les sites de formation pour faciliter la démocratisation de l'enseignement supérieur, d'abord par la création d'antennes dépendantes d'universités-mères, puis de nouvelles universités. Ces nouvelles infrastructures ont bouleversé le paysage universitaire du Nord-Pas-de-Calais en moins de dix ans. Elles ont accompagné le mouvement général de massification de la scolarisation dans le supérieur et aidé au rattrapage progressif du retard régional en la matière. La géographie de l'offre de formation revêt depuis une importance considérable : la proximité (ou l'éloignement) a souvent un impact déterminant sur le choix d'orientation des bacheliers. Cependant, ce rapprochement de l'offre entraîne souvent des phénomènes de «captivité».</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="384819">
                <text>Young people and University in the «Nord-Pad-de-Calais» Region: between Mobility and Captivity

In some areas, including the «Nord-Pas-de-Calais» region, to facilitate higher education démocratisation process, new places of formation have been created, first in the form of establishments depending on mother Universities, then new universities have been built. University patterns have been completely modified by these recent establishments for ten years. In the same time, a general growth of the population of students and a progressive compensation between different areas became to be visible. The spatial localisation of the establishments is crucial : the distance between the residence of potential students and universities has a determinant effect on the choice of orientation of the bachelors. But the proximity with the offer of formation often involves relations of captivity too.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="384820">
                <text>Dumont Frédéric, Piédanna Vincent. Accès des jeunes à l'enseignement supérieur dans le Nord-Pas-de-Calais : entre mobilité et «captivité». In: Espace, populations, sociétés, 1998-2. Les jeunes - The young People. pp. 199-209.</text>
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          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="384821">
                <text>http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/espos_0755-7809_1998_num_16_2_1835</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="384822">
                <text>doi:10.3406/espos.1998.1835</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="384823">
                <text>fre</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="384824">
                <text>PERSEE</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="384825">
                <text>University ; Offer of Formation ; Students ; Geographical Origin ; «Nord-Pas-de-Calais» Region</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="384826">
                <text>Origine ; Nord-Pas-de-Calais ; Université ; Offre de formation ; Etudiants</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="384827">
                <text>Accès des jeunes à l'enseignement supérieur dans le Nord-Pas-de-Calais : entre mobilité et «captivité»</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="384828">
                <text>article</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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  <item itemId="22200" public="1" featured="0">
    <collection collectionId="33">
      <elementSetContainer>
        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
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          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644244">
                  <text>Espace Populations Sociétés</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
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              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="644245">
                  <text>www.persee.fr/static-image/img_revue?name=espos_Couverture.png</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644246">
                  <text>PERSEE</text>
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    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="375870">
                <text>47-53</text>
              </elementText>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="375871">
                <text>C. A. Bargeman</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="375872">
                <text>O. A. L .C Atzema</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="375873">
                <text>1986</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="375874">
                <text>Les différences de croissance régionale aux Pays-Bas sont de plus en plus influencées par les migrations intérieures. Depuis les années soixante-dix on observe un ralentissement de la rurbanisation au profit des flux de jeunes migrants vers les villes. Un processus de vieillissement de la population non-urbaine est ainsi en train de s'amorcer.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="375875">
                <text>Population growth and internal migration in the peri-urban and extra-urban areas of the Netherlands 

The differences in regional growth in the Netherlands are increasingly linked with internal migrations. Since the seventies, a slackening of counter-urbanization is observed while flows of young migrants are increasing towards the urban areas. A result of this change is the ageing of the non-urban population.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="375876">
                <text>Atzema O. A. L .C, Bargeman C. A. Accroissement de la population et migrations intérieures dans les régions péri-urbaines et extra-urbaines des Pays-Bas.. In: Espace, populations, sociétés, 1986-3. Populations rurales et populations agricoles - Rural populations and agricultural populations. pp. 47-53.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="375877">
                <text>http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/espos_0755-7809_1986_num_4_3_1159</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="375878">
                <text>doi:10.3406/espos.1986.1159</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="375879">
                <text>fre</text>
              </elementText>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="375880">
                <text>PERSEE</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="375881">
                <text>Internal migrations ; Mobility transition ; The Netherlands</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="375882">
                <text>Migrations intérieures ; Transition de la mobilité ; Pays-Bas.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="375883">
                <text>Accroissement de la population et migrations intérieures dans les régions péri-urbaines et extra-urbaines des Pays-Bas.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="375884">
                <text>article</text>
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      <elementSetContainer>
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          <elementContainer>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="644244">
                  <text>Espace Populations Sociétés</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
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              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644245">
                  <text>www.persee.fr/static-image/img_revue?name=espos_Couverture.png</text>
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              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644246">
                  <text>PERSEE</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
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        </elementSet>
      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="388503">
                <text>233-244</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="388504">
                <text>François Madoré</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="388505">
                <text>1999</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="388506">
                <text>The Purchase of Second-Hand Houses in City Area and Residence Mobility. 

In France, residence mobility is increasingly expressed by a rising number of people buying second-hand accommodation ; this can be explained by the expansion of real estate market, by the evolution of the housing financing system and by the importance of the notion of property in France today. However it is difficult to define at a local level this important component of urban dynamics, because of the inadequacy of statistics institutes to measure this phenomenon. There are a few sources of information, but they are not easily accessible. Though the study of this residence mobility is a key indicator in the evolution of socio-geographi- cal evolutions in urban areas, this confirms how difficult it is to grasp the meaning of household choices in terms of their residential strategy.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="388507">
                <text>La mobilité résidentielle des Français passe de plus en plus fréquemment par l'achat d'un logement ancien, grâce à la détente des marchés immobiliers, à l'évolution du système de financement du logement à l'affirmation d'une dimension patrimoniale au sein de la société. Toutefois, il est difficile de saisir, à l'échelle locale, cette composante désormais primordiale de la dynamique urbaine, étant donné l'inadaptation de l'appareil statistique à mesurer ce phénomène. Quelques sources existent, mais leur accès ou leur utilisation ne sont pas toujours aisés. L'étude de cette mobilité résidentielle est pourtant un indicateur clé de l'évolution des configurations socio-spatiales en milieu urbain et elle confirme la difficulté de cerner le rôle de la localisation dans la stratégie résidentielle des ménages.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="388508">
                <text>Madoré François. Acquisition de logements anciens en milieu urbain et mobilité résidentielle. In: Espace, populations, sociétés, 1999-2. Les mobilités spatiales. pp. 233-244.</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                <text>Second- Hand Accommodation ; Socio-geographical Configurations ; La Roche-sur-Yon (Vendée) ; Statistical Sources ; Real Estate Market ; Residence Mobility</text>
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                <text>Acquisition de logements anciens en milieu urbain et mobilité résidentielle</text>
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                <text>Le vieillissement en Europe : quelques 
Depuis longtemps la population de l'Europe comprend plus de personnes âgées, relativement, que celles des autres continents; la cause majeure en est le déclin prolongé de la fécondité. 13 % de la population de l'ensemble des pays européens ont 65 ans ou plus; ce groupe d'âge compte plus de 64 millions de personnes. En Europe du nord, il constitue 15 °7o de la population et en Europe occidentale 14 %. Jusqu'aux années soixante, la France avait une proportion plus forte de personnes âgées qu'aucun autre pays mais, maintenant, beaucoup d'autres pays européens, surtout la Suède mais aussi le Royaume- Uni, en ont des proportions plus élevées. Une analyse du vieillissement dans les 21 pays du Conseil d'Europe en révèle les tendances et les caractéristiques. </text>
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                <text>The population of Europe has long comprised relatively more elderly people than any other continent, a fact largely caused by prolonged fertility decline. The overall average of those aged 65 and over is 13 per cent, so there are more than 64 million in this age group; in Northern Europe they constitute 15 per cent and in Western Europe 14 per cent. Until the 1960s France had a higher proportion of elderly than any other major country, but since then it has been rapidly overtaken by many other European countries headed by Sweden but including the United Kingdom. An analysis of ageing in the 21 Council of Europe countries reveals trends and characteristics.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="375590">
                <text>Clarke John I. Ageing in Europe: Introductory Remarks . In: Espace, populations, sociétés, 1987-1. Personnes âgées et vieillissement - Elderly people and ageing - Londres, juillet 1986. pp. 23-28.</text>
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                <text>fertility decline ; mortality decline ; Europe. ; Ageing</text>
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                <text>Ageing in Europe: Introductory Remarks </text>
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                <text>423-424</text>
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                <text>Thumerelle Pierre-Jean</text>
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                <text>http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/espos_0755-7809_2001_num_19_3_2008_t1_0423_0000_2</text>
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                <text>Alain Lery et Patrice Vimard (coordonné par) : Population et développement : les principaux enjeux cinq ans après la conférence du Caire</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="376647">
                <text>223-231</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="376648">
                <text>Pieter Hooimeijer</text>
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                <text>Henk Scholten</text>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>Un modèle d'entrées-sorties pour l'étude de la mobilité résidentielle : simulation des opportunités de logement. 
Le montant total des constructions nouvelles aux Pays-Bas diminuera dans l'avenir en fonction des modifications démographiques. De plus en plus, le marché du logement existant devra répondre aux demandes du logement. En conséquence, la redistribution des programmes de construction sera de toute première importance. L'analyse des « chaînes de logements vacants » est utilisée pour la succession de locataires par habitation. La reconstitution des «chaînes de logements vacants » prises individuellement est cependant très aléatoire et manque d'appui théorique. Le modèle basé sur l'étude des arrivées et des départs, qui est décrit dans cet article, fournit une alternative et peut être utilisé pour évaluer le montant total et la composition du roulement qui résulte d'une différenciation spécifique des programmes de construction. Un pas décisif a été fait dans l'élaboration du modèle — il s'agit de la délimitation spatiale et sectorielle de sous-marchés du logement. La délimitation spatiale des sous-marchés est réalisée au moyen d'une analyse de regroupement. C'est par l'analyse loglinéaire qu'on réalise la délimitation sectorielle des sous-marchés et qu'on évalue les liens existant entre ces sous-marchés.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="376652">
                <text>Scholten Henk, Hooimeijer Pieter. An Input-Output model of residential mobility: a simulation of housing opportunities. In: Espace, populations, sociétés, 1985-1. Migrations et urbanisation - Migrations and cities. pp. 223-231.</text>
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                <text>http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/espos_0755-7809_1985_num_3_1_1032</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="376654">
                <text>doi:10.3406/espos.1985.1032</text>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="376655">
                <text>eng</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="376656">
                <text>PERSEE</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="376657">
                <text>Netherlands. ; Housing ; Models ; Markov Process</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="376658">
                <text>Modèles ; Pays-Bas. ; Chaînes de Markov ; Logement</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="376659">
                <text>An Input-Output model of residential mobility: a simulation of housing opportunities</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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                  <text>Espace Populations Sociétés</text>
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                <text>195-206</text>
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                <text>Jacky Herbin</text>
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                <text>Comparative analysis of urban ageing: the example of the Rhone- Alpes region. 

Using some indicators of ageing expressed in a very simple form (associations between several broad age groups in local populations) the paper will describe and analyse the clear reversal of a tendency noticed in the evolution of the structure of ages in cities and countries. From 1975 to 1982, as a by-product of a powerful movement of exurbanisation dominated by relatively young couples and their children, the country population of the Rhones-Alpes region marked a clear tendency to rejuvenation; conversely the decline of migration shifts of populatioh to cities (country exodus, increased interurban migrations and international migrations), the general fall of their fecundity and the extension of the mean duration of life has produced a noticeable ageing of the urban population. The variety of local and regional situations is studied through the recent evolution of ageing in the 85 Rhonè-Alpines urban built-up areas of over 5,000 inhabitants, among which we observe very important contrasts. The disparate trends can be partly explained by the divergent evolution of economic activities (here in crisis, there in full expansion), in the general slackening of growth in large built-up areas and in certain patterns of migration affecting the pensioners.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="375150">
                <text>Utilisant quelques indicateurs de vieillesse exprimés sous une forme très simple (rapports entre les divers grands groupes d'âges constitutifs d'une population), l'auteur souligne le net renversement de tendance observé dans l'évolution de la structure des âges des villes et des campagnes : de 1975 à 1982, sous l'influence d'un puissant mouvement d'exurbanisation mettant en jeu des couples relativement jeunes et leurs enfants, la population rurale de la région Rhône- Alpes a marqué une nette tendance au rajeunissement; inversement l'affaiblissement des courants migratoires en direction des villes (exode rural, migrations interurbaines et migrations internationales), s 'ajoutant à la baisse générale de la fécondité et à l'allongement de la durée moyenne de vie, a provoqué un vieillissement sensible de la population urbaine. La diversité des situations locales et régionales est étudiée à travers l'évolution récente du vieillissement dans l'ensemble des 85 unités urbaines rhône-alpines de plus de 5000 habitants, parmi lesquelles on observe des contrastes très importants. La disparité des destins urbains trouve son explication dans l'évolution divergente des activités économiques (ici en crise, là en plein essor), dans le mouvement général de desserrement des grandes agglomérations et dans certains phénomènes de tropisme affectant les retraités.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="375151">
                <text>Herbin Jacky. Analyse comparative du vieillissement urbain : l'exemple de la région Rhône-Alpes.. In: Espace, populations, sociétés, 1987-1. Personnes âgées et vieillissement - Elderly people and ageing - Londres, juillet 1986. pp. 195-206.</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                <text>towns ; ageing ; France ; Rhone-Alpes region. ; Population ; age structure ; ageing indicators</text>
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                <text>Rhône-Alpes. ; Population ; structures d'âge ; indicateur de vieillesse ; vieillissement ; villes ; unités urbaines ; France</text>
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                <text>Analyse comparative du vieillissement urbain : l'exemple de la région Rhône-Alpes.</text>
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                <text>Cet article étudie d'abord les modifications récentes de la structure par âge des régions linguistiques belges et propose une typologie des situations de vieillissement démographique des régions internes de Wallonie lors du recensement de 1981. Il entreprend ensuite une analyse explicative de perspectives visant à dégager les mécanismes démographiques de l'évolution de la structure par âge en Wallonie et à mesurer leurs effets à moyen et long termes.</text>
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                <text>An analysis of ageing in urban areas of Walloonia. 

The paper first examines the recent changes of the age structure of the Belgian linguistic regions and proposes a typology of demographic ageing in the internal regions of Walloonia at the 1981 census. It then undertakes an explanatory analysis of population projections so as to elucidate the demographic mechanisms of the evolution of the age structure in Walloonia and to estimate their effects at medium and long terms. </text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="379033">
                <text>André Robert, Guilmot Pierre. Analyse du vieillissement dans les aires d'influence urbaine en Wallonie. In: Espace, populations, sociétés, 1987-2. Personnes âgées et vieillissement - Elderly people and ageing. pp. 403-414.</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="379038">
                <text>Population projections. ; Belgium ; Walloonia ; Regional ageing</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="379039">
                <text>Belgique ; Wallonie ; Vieillissement régional ; Perspectives démographiques.</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
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                <text>Analyse du vieillissement dans les aires d'influence urbaine en Wallonie</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Type</name>
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              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>www.persee.fr/static-image/img_revue?name=espos_Couverture.png</text>
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                  <text>PERSEE</text>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="375754">
                <text>215-223</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="375755">
                <text>Christine Wattelar</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="375756">
                <text>Henriette Damas</text>
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                <text>1989</text>
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                <text>Regional analysis of Belgian fertility (1961-1981). 

Within a generation's span, fertility has declined in Belgium, like in other industrialized countries, to the point that the renewal of the population is not ensured any longer. Regional differences, still very important in 1961, are now diminishing, but the age patterns of fertility have retained some urban or rural characteristics. A comparative analysis of the intensity and tempo of regional fertility has been carried out, based on the age-specific fertility rates of the 43 Belgian "arrondissements", computed at the time of the last censuses (1961, 1970 and 1981) and condensed into three classical parameters: average number of children per woman, mean age at childbearing, and the variance of the latter. The results are mapped using a single scale over the period.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="375759">
                <text>En l'intervalle d'une génération, la fécondité a baissé en Belgique, comme dans les autres pays industrialisés, au point de ne plus assurer le remplacement de la population. Les différences régionales, encore très marquées en 1961, s'estompent actuellement, mais le profil de la fécondité par âge garde des signes caractéristiques de l'environnement (urbain ou rural). L'analyse comparée de l'intensité et du calendrier de la fécondité régionale a été menée à partir des taux par âge calculés dans les 43 arrondissements belges autour des derniers recensements (1961, 1970 et 1981). Ces profils ont été résumés par trois paramètres classiques : le nombre moyen d'enfants par femme, l'âge moyen à la maternité et la variance de cet âge moyen. La cartographie a été élaborée sur la base d'une légendre unique au travers du temps.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="375760">
                <text>Damas Henriette, Wattelar Christine. Analyse régionale de la fécondité en Belgique (1961-1981). In: Espace, populations, sociétés, 1989-2. Aspects de la fécondité dans les pays industrialisés - About fertility in industrialized countries. pp. 215-223.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="375761">
                <text>http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/espos_0755-7809_1989_num_7_2_1321</text>
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                <text>doi:10.3406/espos.1989.1321</text>
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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                <text>fre</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="375764">
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="375765">
                <text>Fertility ; Total fertility rate ; Mean age at childbearing ; Variance ; Replacement of generations ; Regional comparisons.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="375766">
                <text>Age moyen à la maternité ; Variance de l'âge moyen ; Remplacement des générations ; Comparaison régionale. ; Fécondité ; Indice conjoncturel de fécondité</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="375767">
                <text>Analyse régionale de la fécondité en Belgique (1961-1981)</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="387856">
                <text>363-364</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="387857">
                <text>Montigny Gilles</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="387858">
                <text>2003</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="387859">
                <text>http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/espos_0755-7809_2003_num_21_2_2088_t1_0363_0000_2</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="387860">
                <text>fre</text>
              </elementText>
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            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="387861">
                <text>PERSEE</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="387862">
                <text>Anne Raulin : Anthropologie urbaine</text>
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            <name>Type</name>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>www.persee.fr/static-image/img_revue?name=espos_Couverture.png</text>
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                <text>425-425</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="385736">
                <text>Ferréol Gilles</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="385737">
                <text>2001</text>
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                <text>http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/espos_0755-7809_2001_num_19_3_2008_t1_0425_0000_2</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385739">
                <text>fre</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
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            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="385740">
                <text>PERSEE</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="385741">
                <text>Anne Raulin (éd.) : Quand Besançon se donne à lire. Essais en anthropologie urbaine</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="385742">
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                  <text>Espace Populations Sociétés</text>
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                  <text>www.persee.fr/static-image/img_revue?name=espos_Couverture.png</text>
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