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                <text>Sarah Blacksell</text>
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                <text>Devon has a high proportion of the national total of private residential homes for the elderly in England. This paper traces their growth and their spatial distribution, based on a detailed survey of about one in four homes in the county. The nature of the homes as small businesses in then focused upon, which are mainly private family businesses although heavily supported by public funds. However, changing national legislation and local development and interpretation of regulation create considerable uncertainty as to the future of this sector of care for the elderly. The paper concludes with a consideration of the current policy dilemmas in Devon.</text>
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                <text>Le développement des maisons de retraite privées; l'exemple du comté du Devon en Angleterre. 

Une large proportion des maisons de retraite privées anglaises sont dans le comté du Devon. Cette étude décrit leur prolifération et leur distribution géographique, en employant des données tirées d'une enquête portant sur environ une maison sur quatre dans le comté. Ensuite est traitée leur situation en tant qu'entreprises privées : ce sont des entreprises familiales pour la plupart, bien qu'elles profitent dans une large mesure des fonds publics. L'avenir de ce type de soins pour les personnes âgées est pourtant incertain, en raison de la nouvelle législation et de l'interprétation des règlements. L'étude se termine par des considérations sur les dilemmes politiques en cours dans le Devon. </text>
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                <text>Philips David R., Vincent John, Blacksell Sarah. The Development of Private Residential Accommodation for the Elderly: the Case of Devon, England . In: Espace, populations, sociétés, 1987-1. Personnes âgées et vieillissement - Elderly people and ageing - Londres, juillet 1986. pp. 235-248.</text>
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                <text>http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/espos_0755-7809_1987_num_5_1_1195</text>
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                <text>entreprise privée ; Personnes âgées ; maisons de retraite ; Devon.</text>
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                <text>The Development of Private Residential Accommodation for the Elderly: the Case of Devon, England </text>
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                <text>Daniel Noin</text>
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                <text>Noin Daniel. Éditorial. In: Espace, populations, sociétés, 1985-3. Les mutations démographiques du Tiers monde. pp. 487-488.</text>
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                <text>4-10</text>
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                <text>Résumé des articles - Abstracts of articles. In: Espace, populations, sociétés, 1984-3. La mortalité adulte dans les pays industrialisés. pp. 4-10.</text>
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                <text>Kevin F. Mac Carthy</text>
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                <text>Allan F. Abrahamse</text>
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                <text>Les caractéristiques des migrants se deplaçant d'une zone métropolitaine vers une zone non-métropolitaine aux U.S.A. 
La rurbanisation aux États-Unis se caractérise par : 
1. le ralentissement ou la disparition de croissance dans de nombreux grands centres métropolitains, 
2. sa réapparition dans de plus petits centres métropolitains, et 
3. la concentration de la population dans de petites villes non-métropolitaines et autonomes. Jusqu'ici, les recherches aux États-Unis se sont concentrées sur les différents courants migratoires qui entraînent la rurbanisation et ont comparé leur importance respective. Peu d'études ont examiné les migrants dont le comportement engendre ces courants, d'où notre intérêt pour ce thème. 
Nous étudions les caractéristiques des personnes qui se déplacent d'une zone métropolitaine vers une zone non-métropolitaine, et ce que ces caractéristiques révèlent sur le comportement des migrants. Notre étude se base sur un échantillon national d'environ 2.300 actes de migration qui proviennent d'une étude sur « familles témoins » s'échelonnant sur quatorze ans. Nous classons ces déplacements par types de courants (par exemple, entre deux régions métropolitaines ; d'une région métropolitaine vers une région non-métropolitaine, etc.) et comparons les caractéristiques économiques et démographiques des migrants. Notre enquête se concentre sur 
1. les types de personnes qui migrent et ce qui les différencie,
2. les conséquences de leurs déplacements quant à l'importance de certaines fonctions établies par la migration (par exemple, reliant les ouvriers à leur lieu de travail), et 
3. le rôle de la distance quant à la structure de leur déplacement. 
Pour chaque thème, nous cherchons à comprendre la dynamique migratoire relative à la rurbanisation et ce que les buts de cette migration peuvent apporter aux gens. 
Notre analyse met en évidence divers points. Premièrement, le courant migratoire des zones métropolitaines vers les zones non-métropolitaines (comme d'autres courants) démontre une faible « efficacité d'ensemble », c'est-à-dire que la quantité des déplacements est haute comparativement à la redistribution nette de la population vers les zones non-métropolitaines. Ceci suppose qu'aucun stéréotype dominant ne peut correspondre aux divers comportements des migrants considérés. Deuxièmement, la redistribution migratoire a orienté certaines tranches de la population (jeunes adultes, chômeurs par exemple) vers, plutôt qu'à partir des zones métropolitaines. Troisièmement, le déplacement des migrants atteignant ou faisant déjà partie de la retraite démontre une plus grande « efficacité d'ensemble » sous certains rapports. La précision inhabituelle de nos données réside dans le fait que nous pouvons comparer les distances parcourues en nous basant sur les caractéristiques des migrants. Nous élaborons un modèle de migration qui, lorsque les différences existant dans la répartition de la population entourant le migrant ont été réglées, dépend seulement du degré d'indifférence qu'il manifeste à l'égard des longs déplacements. Nous utilisons ce modèle pour identifier des groupes de migrants distincts de par leur comportement à l'intérieur même du courant migratoire d'une zone métropolitaine vers une zone non métropolitaine.</text>
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                <text>Morrison Peter A., Abrahamse Allan F., Mac Carthy Kevin F. Characteristics of migrants from metropolitan to non-metropolitan areas in the U.S.A. In: Espace, populations, sociétés, 1985-1. Migrations et urbanisation - Migrations and cities. pp. 135-143.</text>
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                <text>Age structure ; Efficiency index ; U.S.A.</text>
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                <text>Structure par âges ; Etats-Unis. ; Efficacité de la migration</text>
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                <text>Characteristics of migrants from metropolitan to non-metropolitan areas in the U.S.A</text>
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                <text>Social welfare and the elderly in France. Geographical aspects. 

Social welfare expenditure for elderly people occupies third place after expenditures for children and for handicapped people. The Ministry of Social Affairs and of National Welfare estimates that they from 15 per cent of their budget and that the costs have increased threefold since the mid-1970s. In the light of recent trends in French fertility, the ageing of the population can only increase for a time. The social costs of the demographic trend must be established and the geographical implications investigated. The latter requires the comparative examination of contrasting regions so that the overall level of social welfare expenditure per capita elderly person is established. The explanatory factors of general relevance will be underlined.</text>
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                <text>Au regard des dépenses totales d'aide sociale, celles qu'implique l'aide aux personnes âgées occupent de nos jours la troisième place après « l'enfance » et les « personnes handicapées ». Elles sont évaluées par le Ministère des Affaires sociales et de la Solidarité nationale à plus de 15 % du total et ont connu depuis le milieu de la décennie 1970-80, un très fort accroissement. L'observation de l'évolution de notre société dévoile un certain nombre de tendances qui ne peuvent à terme que contribuer à accroître les dépenses d'aide sociale. On doit aussi s'interroger sur le coût d'un tel processus démographique avec les yeux et les préoccupations du géographe. Ce dernier va donc chercher à comparer les situations régionales et départementales très diversifiées. Il tentera aussi de mettre en exergue quelques faits explicatifs d'ordre général.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="375075">
                <text>Renard Jean-Pierre. L'aide sociale et les personnés âgées en France. Aspects géographiques.. In: Espace, populations, sociétés, 1987-1. Personnes âgées et vieillissement - Elderly people and ageing - Londres, juillet 1986. pp. 271-280.</text>
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                <text>http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/espos_0755-7809_1987_num_5_1_1198</text>
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                <text>doi:10.3406/espos.1987.1198</text>
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                <text>regional inequalities ; France ; elderly people ; social welfare ; geographical aspects.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="375081">
                <text>aide sociale ; personnes âgées ; France ; inégalités régionales ; aspects géographiques.</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
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              <elementText elementTextId="375082">
                <text>L'aide sociale et les personnés âgées en France. Aspects géographiques.</text>
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                  <text>Espace Populations Sociétés</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="375062">
                <text>390-390</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="375064">
                <text>Informations scientifiques. In: Espace, populations, sociétés, 1989-3. Spécial numéro vingt - Special twentieth issue. p. 390.</text>
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            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="375065">
                <text>http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/espos_0755-7809_1989_num_7_3_1346</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="375066">
                <text>fre</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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                <text>PERSEE</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="375068">
                <text>Informations scientifiques</text>
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            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
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              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="644245">
                  <text>www.persee.fr/static-image/img_revue?name=espos_Couverture.png</text>
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            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="375048">
                <text>235-247</text>
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            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="375049">
                <text>Thérèse Saint-Julien</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="375050">
                <text>1986</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="375051">
                <text>Changes in the socioeconomic profile of French urban units. 

The recent evolution of interurban disparities of the qualification of industrial work is an important geographical stake. It reveals the unequal aptitude of cities to face the crisis. It explains, in a more and more obvious way, the new territorial disparities resulting from the current socio-economic evolution. We examine the possible corroboration of the principles of interurban disparities observed in 1975. Are current interurban disparities of the qualification of industrial work getting worse? Is there a growing inequality of chances between the cities? Should we assert an accentuation of new industrial complementarities within the urban system? </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="375052">
                <text>La récente évolution des disparités de la qualification du travail industriel entre les villes est un enjeu géographique de taille. Elle est significative de l'inégale importance locale des tensions et des drames de l'emploi, et de la diversité des aptitudes des unités urbaines à répondre à la crise. Elle est une expression de plus en plus directe des nouveaux clivages territoriaux qui résultent de l'évolution socio-économique actuelle. Y a-t-il des principes de la division interurbaine du travail industriel entre 1975 et 1980? Voit-on s'aggraver les disparités interurbaines de la qualification du travail industriel? Peut-on parler d'une inégalité croissante des chances des villes, ou plus simplement de l'accentuation de nouvelles complémentarités dans le réseau?</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="375053">
                <text>Saint-Julien Thérèse. Les disparités interurbaines du travail industriel en France et leur évolution récente . In: Espace, populations, sociétés, 1986-2. Visages de la population de la France - Faces of french population. pp. 235-247.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="375054">
                <text>http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/espos_0755-7809_1986_num_4_2_1131</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="375055">
                <text>doi:10.3406/espos.1986.1131</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="375056">
                <text>fre</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="375057">
                <text>PERSEE</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="375058">
                <text>industrial employment. ; socio-economic characteristics ; France ; towns</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="375059">
                <text>France ; caractéristiques socio-économiques ; emploi industriel ; villes.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="375060">
                <text>Les disparités interurbaines du travail industriel en France et leur évolution récente </text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="375061">
                <text>article</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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    <collection collectionId="33">
      <elementSetContainer>
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          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644244">
                  <text>Espace Populations Sociétés</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
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            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644245">
                  <text>www.persee.fr/static-image/img_revue?name=espos_Couverture.png</text>
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              </elementTextContainer>
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            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="644246">
                  <text>PERSEE</text>
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    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="375034">
                <text>103-105</text>
              </elementText>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
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            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="375035">
                <text>Émile Kolodny</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="375036">
                <text>1984</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="375037">
                <text>E. Kolodny fait partager son expérience personnelle de chercheur, ayant travaillé déjà depuis de nombreuses années dans le monde méditerranéen. L'auteur pose les problèmes de l'accès aux sources d'information, parfois défaillantes, voire même absentes ou incomplètes, de leur collecte, puis de leur utilisation. Selon lui, il est quelque peu paradoxal de mettre au point des outils et des techniques de traitement statistique et informatique très sophistiqués alors que nous n'avons souvent aucune garantie de fiabilité du chiffre. Enfin il rappelle à notre attention un fait que l'on serait tenté d'oublier à cause de la « sirène » informatique, c'est-à-dire l'inquantifiable qui fait toujours partie de la vie de l'homme.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="375038">
                <text>Geography of population research and the statistical tool. 
E. Kolodny shares his personal experience as a research worker. He has been working in the Mediterranean world for several years. He presents us with the problem of access to the sources of information — sometimes lacking or incomplete — of their collect and their use. According to hum, it is somewhat paradoxical to elaborate such sophisticated techniques of computerized statistical treatment in a situation where we often have no guarantee of reliability of the figures. Finally, he recalls a fact we tend to forget because of the data processing magic: that the inquantifiable has always been part of human life.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="375039">
                <text>Kolodny Emile. Enquêtes en géographie de la population et support statistique : réflexions à partir d'une expérience personnelle en Méditerranée insulaire. In: Espace, populations, sociétés, 1984-2. La démogéographie en question. pp. 103-105.</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="375040">
                <text>http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/espos_0755-7809_1984_num_2_2_968</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="375041">
                <text>doi:10.3406/espos.1984.968</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="375042">
                <text>fre</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="375043">
                <text>PERSEE</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="375044">
                <text>Geography of population ; Statistical sources.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="375045">
                <text>sources statistiques. ; Géographie de la population</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="375046">
                <text>Enquêtes en géographie de la population et support statistique : réflexions à partir d'une expérience personnelle en Méditerranée insulaire</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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                <text>Changes in employment in the Paris region 

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                <text>Cohen Jeanine. Mutations de l'emploi en région parisienne. In: Espace, populations, sociétés, 1988-3. La population face à l'emploi - Population and work opportunities. pp. 437-446.</text>
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                <text>Firms spatial strategies. ; Paris (Region) ; Employment (mutations) ; Productive system ; Qualification ; Function</text>
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                <text>François Stankiewicz</text>
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                <text>Le réexamen des théories néo-classiques et keynésienne a, pour l'essentiel, débouché sur des analyses du chômage en termes de « Job Search » ou de « Chômage Classique et Keynésien ». Mais dans l'un et l'autre cas, la capacité de ces analyses à rendre compte de la croissance et de la persistance du chômage dans l'ensemble des nations développées apparaît médiocre. Les tentatives de synthèse de ces analyses ne tiennent pas compte de ce que, du point de vue macro-économique, le salaire est en même temps coût et revenu. L'interprétation en termes d'accumulation intensive est à bien des égards inquiétante en ce qu'elle laisse penser que même la sortie de crise pourrait ne pas s'accompagner d'une vague de créations d'emplois. Si le chômage est ainsi appelé à durer, le schéma de rationnement de l'emploi prend une grande importance. Dans sa configuration actuelle, la « société duale » est fortement tributaire des flux de l'économie officielle et non pas des ressources de l'économie informelle (travail noir, productions domestiques,...) comme on l'affirme souvent.</text>
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                <text>Unemployment growth and progress in economic theory. 
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              <elementText elementTextId="375011">
                <text>Stankiewicz François. Croissance du chômage et développement des théories économiques. In: Espace, populations, sociétés, 1985-2. Chômage, non-emploi, sous-emploi. pp. 277-283.</text>
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                <text>http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/espos_0755-7809_1985_num_3_2_1041</text>
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                <text>doi:10.3406/espos.1985.1041</text>
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                <text>fre</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="375015">
                <text>PERSEE</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="375016">
                <text>black economy. ; unemployment ; Economic theory</text>
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                <text>chômage ; Théorie économique ; économie informelle.</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Croissance du chômage et développement des théories économiques</text>
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            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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                <text>article</text>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="374997">
                <text>169-170</text>
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          <element elementId="39">
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              <elementText elementTextId="374998">
                <text>Gildas Simon</text>
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                <text>1986</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="375000">
                <text>Simon Gildas. Rapport introductif. In: Espace, populations, sociétés, 1986-2. Visages de la population de la France - Faces of french population. pp. 169-170.</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="375001">
                <text>http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/espos_0755-7809_1986_num_4_2_1122</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="375002">
                <text>fre</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="375003">
                <text>PERSEE</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="375004">
                <text>Rapport introductif</text>
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                <text>137-154</text>
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                <text>M. Poulain</text>
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                <text>Poulain Michel, Vandermotten Christian, Grimmeau Jean-Pierre, Colard A. 150 ans de dualité démographique en Belgique. In: Espace, populations, sociétés, 1984-1. Limites et frontières. pp. 137-154.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="374993">
                <text>fre</text>
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                <text>PERSEE</text>
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                <text>Works in service industries in Picardy : grounds and trends 

In Picardy, services are not developped comparatively with other French regions. What are the grounds of this situation? The author has analyzed the structures of regional population by social categories and level of education. The outflows of the course of studies are not enough qualified. In another way, we can observe that manufacture's employment creates too little jobs in service industries. The neighbourhood of Paris is also a ground of this economical structure. </text>
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                <text>La sous-tertiarisation de l'économie picarde puise ses origines dans la structure et la dépendance de son industrie à l'égard de régions voisines, dont, surtout, la région parisienne. Cependant les lacunes de son réseau urbain ainsi que la structure et la formation de sa population sont également en bonne partie responsables de la situation. L'économie et la population régionales ne semblent donc guère capables de créer leur propre dynamique tertiaire. Toutefois les pouvoirs régionaux peuvent améliorer le niveau de scolarisation et de formation des jeunes.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="374958">
                <text>Renard Jean-Pierre. L'emploi tertiaire en Picardie : évolution et perspectives.. In: Espace, populations, sociétés, 1988-3. La population face à l'emploi - Population and work opportunities. pp. 427-436.</text>
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                <text>http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/espos_0755-7809_1988_num_6_3_1289</text>
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                <text>Labour force ; France ; Picardy ; Structures of population ; Services.</text>
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                <text>Picardie ; France ; Population active. ; Emploi tertiaire</text>
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                <text>L'emploi tertiaire en Picardie : évolution et perspectives.</text>
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                <text>Les pays de l'Europe de l'Est se réclament du même système politique, économique et social. Les analogies visibles de leurs régimes démographiques, la composition des nations et leur voisinage facilitent leur étude comparative. Chacun de ces pays a ses facteurs de diversification, liées à son histoire, sa culture, ses richesses et à son héritage démographique. Néanmoins l'évolution des structures démographiques permet de dégager de multiples similitudes.</text>
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                <text>A general view on populations' ageing in the Eastern states community. 

Eastern European countries appeal to the same political system. Obvious analogies of their demographic behaviours composition of nations and proximity make easy a com- parative study. Every country has its own factors of diversity, in relation with history, culture, wealth and demographic past. Nevertheless, the evolution of demographic structures shows many similarities.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="374946">
                <text>Kostrubiec Benjamin. Aperçu général du vieillissement des populations de la communauté des pays de l'Est. In: Espace, populations, sociétés, 1987-2. Personnes âgées et vieillissement - Elderly people and ageing. pp. 343-356.</text>
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                <text>http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/espos_0755-7809_1987_num_5_2_1207</text>
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                <text>fre</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="374951">
                <text>Aperçu général du vieillissement des populations de la communauté des pays de l'Est</text>
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                <text>Henri Nicolaï</text>
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                <text>Demographic transition and mobility of the population in Tropical Africa.
The questions of population play an important part in the process of development of the Third World. With the example of Tropical Africa and two themes, Henri Nicolai points out the complexity of the problems. Tropical Africa is engaged in a process of accelerated demographic growth: Why is this growth accepted and even desired? Can one properly ask whether the demographic transition theory is applicable to Tropical Africa? There, the mobility of the population is considerable and traditional. The author underscores the plurality of the types of migration and their importance in the process of demographic decompression by insisting on three types: rural exodus and urban immigration, pioneer migrations, and «rural-rural» migration in coastal regions.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="374931">
                <text>Les questions de population jouent un rôle important dans le processus de développement du Tiers-Monde. À partir de l'exemple de l'Afrique tropicale et de deux thèmes, Henri Nicolai souligne la complexité des problèmes. L'Afrique tropicale est engagée dans un processus de croissance démographique accélérée : pourquoi cette croissance est-elle acceptée et même souhaitée ? Peut-on légitimement se demander si la théorie de transition démographique est applicable à l'Afrique tropicale ? La mobilité de la population y est considérable et traditionnelle. L'auteur souligne la pluralité des types de migrations et leur importance dans les processus de décompression démographique en insistant sur trois types : exode rural et immigration urbaine, migrations pionnières, migrations « rural-rural » des régions côtières.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="374932">
                <text>Nicolaï Henri. Transition démographique et mobilité de la population en Afrique tropicale. In: Espace, populations, sociétés, 1983-1. Objectifs et champs d'étude. pp. 61-66.</text>
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                <text>http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/espos_0755-7809_1983_num_1_1_904</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="374934">
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                <text>growth model ; migrations ; Tropical Africa ; Demographic transition</text>
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                <text>Afrique tropicale ; transition démographique ; modèle de croissance ; migrations</text>
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                <text>Transition démographique et mobilité de la population en Afrique tropicale</text>
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                <text>M. Poulain</text>
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          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="374920">
                <text>1984</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="374921">
                <text>Poulain Michel. Éditorial. In: Espace, populations, sociétés, 1984-3. La mortalité adulte dans les pays industrialisés. pp. 11-12.</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="374922">
                <text>http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/espos_0755-7809_1984_num_2_3_975</text>
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            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="374923">
                <text>fre</text>
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            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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                <text>PERSEE</text>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>Éditorial</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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                <text>liminaire</text>
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  <item itemId="22105" public="1" featured="0">
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          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644244">
                  <text>Espace Populations Sociétés</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644245">
                  <text>www.persee.fr/static-image/img_revue?name=espos_Couverture.png</text>
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            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
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                <elementText elementTextId="644246">
                  <text>PERSEE</text>
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    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="374785">
                <text>283-291</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="374786">
                <text>Nicole Commerçon</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="374787">
                <text>1986</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="374788">
                <text>L'étude des changements socio-spatiaux survenus en ville moyenne depuis la guerre est effectuée à partir de trois villes d'un même espace régional: Chalon-sur-Sâone, Mâcon, Bourg-en-Bresse. Passées brutalement d'un long immobilisme à une turbulence démographique sans précédent, ces villes sont devenues de véritables «passoires» par le jeu du double courant migratoire. Celui-ci agit comme un filtre par lequel se remodèlent les sociétés urbaines. Le lien entre mobilité spatiale et mutations sociales aussi bien dans le domaine individuel que dans le champ urbain global, a été établi par une méthode expérimentale vérifiant les hypothèses pré-établies.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="374789">
                <text>Socio-spatial changes in middle-sized town. 

The study of socio-spatial changes occured in middle-sized towns since the war, is applied to three towns of one regional space : Chalon-sur-Saône, Mâcon, Bourg- en-Bresse. Having abruptly passed from a long static situation to demographic turbulence never seen before, these towns have became like « strainers » through the action of the double flow of migration. The flow works like a filter which reshapes urban societies. In order to define links between spatial mobility and social changes on the individual level as well as in the general field, we have set up an experimental method leading to verify the main hypothesis. </text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="374790">
                <text>Commerçon Nicole. Les changements socio-spatiaux en ville moyenne. In: Espace, populations, sociétés, 1986-2. Visages de la population de la France - Faces of french population. pp. 283-291.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="374791">
                <text>http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/espos_0755-7809_1986_num_4_2_1138</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="374792">
                <text>doi:10.3406/espos.1986.1138</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="374793">
                <text>fre</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="374794">
                <text>PERSEE</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="374795">
                <text>spatial mobility ; Middle-sized town ; social change.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="374796">
                <text>mobilité spatiale ; Ville moyenne ; mutation sociale.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="374797">
                <text>Les changements socio-spatiaux en ville moyenne</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="374798">
                <text>article</text>
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    <collection collectionId="33">
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        <elementSet elementSetId="1">
          <name>Dublin Core</name>
          <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
          <elementContainer>
            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644244">
                  <text>Espace Populations Sociétés</text>
                </elementText>
              </elementTextContainer>
            </element>
            <element elementId="41">
              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644245">
                  <text>www.persee.fr/static-image/img_revue?name=espos_Couverture.png</text>
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              </elementTextContainer>
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            <element elementId="37">
              <name>Contributor</name>
              <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="644246">
                  <text>PERSEE</text>
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              </elementTextContainer>
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          </elementContainer>
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      </elementSetContainer>
    </collection>
    <elementSetContainer>
      <elementSet elementSetId="1">
        <name>Dublin Core</name>
        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
        <elementContainer>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="374772">
                <text>86-92</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="374773">
                <text>Ayse Gedik</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="374774">
                <text>1985</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="374775">
                <text>Exode rural et migrations inter-urbaines en Turquie, métropoles et villes moyennes 
Cette étude, réalisée en Turquie sur les données du recensement de 1970, analyse les différents flux de migration vers les centres urbains, et cherche à déterminer lequel a le plus d'effet sur le bilan migratoire. Les résultats montrent que pour les trois métropoles d'Istanbul, Ankara et Izmir, qui ont le bilan migratoire le plus favorable, la part de l'exode rural n'est pas très élevée, mais que le solde des migrations inter-urbaines est largement positif. Le contexte turc est différent de celui des pays en voie de développement qui ne possèdent pas de villes moyennes.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="374776">
                <text>Gedik Ayse. Rural to urban versus urban to urban migration in Turkey. In: Espace, populations, sociétés, 1985-1. Migrations et urbanisation - Migrations and cities. pp. 86-92.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="374777">
                <text>http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/espos_0755-7809_1985_num_3_1_1008</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="374778">
                <text>doi:10.3406/espos.1985.1008</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="374779">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="374780">
                <text>PERSEE</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="374781">
                <text>Metropolises ; Rural-Urban Shift ; Urban to Urban Migration ; Medium- Size Cities ; Turkey.</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="374782">
                <text>Exode rural ; Turquie ; Villes moyennes ; Métropoles ; Migrations inter-urbaines</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="374783">
                <text>Rural to urban versus urban to urban migration in Turkey</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="374784">
                <text>article</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
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